在(zai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國共(gong)產黨抗(kang)日(ri)民(min)(min)(min)族(zu)統(tong)一戰(zhan)線推動下,國共(gong)兩(liang)黨在(zai)隴(long)東(dong)(dong)的(de)地(di)方政(zheng)權逐漸消除對(dui)立局面(mian)(mian),開(kai)始團結合作抗(kang)日(ri)。1937年2月(yue),陜(shan)甘寧(ning)(ning)省(sheng)(sheng)蘇維(wei)埃政(zheng)府(fu)(fu)在(zai)國民(min)(min)(min)黨甘肅省(sheng)(sheng)政(zheng)府(fu)(fu)第三行政(zheng)公署所在(zai)地(di)西(xi)峰(feng)設立了(le)聯絡處。5月(yue)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)為(wei)落實向國民(min)(min)(min)黨提出的(de)愿將“工(gong)農民(min)(min)(min)主政(zheng)府(fu)(fu)改名為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華民(min)(min)(min)國特(te)區(qu)政(zheng)府(fu)(fu)”的(de)承諾，盡快促成(cheng)抗(kang)日(ri)民(min)(min)(min)族(zu)統(tong)一戰(zhan)線，撤銷中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)陜(shan)甘寧(ning)(ning)省(sheng)(sheng)委(wei)，成(cheng)立中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)陜(shan)甘寧(ning)(ning)邊(bian)區(qu)黨委(wei)。7月(yue),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國共(gong)產黨根據抗(kang)戰(zhan)爆發的(de)形勢(shi)變化,在(zai)國民(min)(min)(min)黨統(tong)治(zhi)區(qu)慶陽建(jian)(jian)立了(le)直屬中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)領(ling)導(dao)的(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)隴(long)東(dong)(dong)特(te)委(wei),對(dui)外(wai)稱“陜(shan)甘寧(ning)(ning)邊(bian)區(qu)政(zheng)府(fu)(fu)駐隴(long)東(dong)(dong)辦事(shi)處”。8月(yue)，隴(long)東(dong)(dong)特(te)委(wei)又建(jian)(jian)立了(le)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)西(xi)峰(feng)工(gong)委(wei),對(dui)外(wai)稱“八(ba)路軍駐西(xi)峰(feng)辦事(shi)處”。至此,隴(long)東(dong)(dong)地(di)區(qu)國共(gong)兩(liang)黨合作抗(kang)日(ri)的(de)局面(mian)(mian)正式(shi)形成(cheng)。

　　全(quan)民(min)族抗(kang)日(ri)(ri)戰爭(zheng)爆發(fa)后(hou),中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)共產黨(dang)(dang)(dang)以民(min)族利益(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)重(zhong),將《中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)共產黨(dang)(dang)(dang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)公(gong)布國(guo)共合作宣言》送交國(guo)民(min)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)當(dang)局。按照國(guo)共兩(liang)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)商定，1937年8月25日(ri)(ri),中(zhong)(zhong)共中(zhong)(zhong)央軍委發(fa)布中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)工(gong)農紅軍改編為(wei)(wei)(wei)國(guo)民(min)革(ge)命(ming)軍第八路軍的(de)命(ming)令。9月22日(ri)(ri),國(guo)民(min)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)通(tong)過中(zhong)(zhong)央通(tong)訊(xun)社發(fa)表擱(ge)置已久(jiu)的(de)《中(zhong)(zhong)共中(zhong)(zhong)央為(wei)(wei)(wei)公(gong)布國(guo)共合作宣言》。23日(ri)(ri),蔣介石(shi)發(fa)表談話(hua)，實際上承認了中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)共產黨(dang)(dang)(dang)和(he)陜甘寧邊區(qu)的(de)合法地位。共產黨(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)宣言和(he)蔣介石(shi)談話(hua)的(de)發(fa)表,標志著以國(guo)共兩(liang)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)合作為(wei)(wei)(wei)基礎的(de)抗(kang)日(ri)(ri)民(min)族統一(yi)戰線(xian)正式形成。

　　1937年9月(yue)6日(ri),陜甘寧邊(bian)區(qu)政(zheng)府(fu)正(zheng)式(shi)宣(xuan)告(gao)成立,林伯(bo)渠任(ren)主席(xi)(xi),張國燾任(ren)副主席(xi)(xi),邊(bian)區(qu)首府(fu)延安(an)。10月(yue)12日(ri),國民政(zheng)府(fu)行政(zheng)院(yuan)第333次會議(yi)通(tong)過決(jue)議(yi),承(cheng)認陜甘寧邊(bian)區(qu),同(tong)時劃定陜甘寧邊(bian)區(qu)政(zheng)府(fu)直接管(guan)轄范圍為包括(kuo)隴(long)東慶陽、合水(shui)、鎮原、正(zheng)寧、寧縣、環縣在(zai)內的23縣,總面(mian)積129600平(ping)方公里,人口約200萬(wan)。

　　陜甘(gan)寧邊區(qu)(qu)政(zheng)(zheng)府成立后,隨(sui)即對邊區(qu)(qu)行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)區(qu)(qu)域進(jin)行(xing)(xing)重(zhong)新劃分(fen),在隴東(dong)設立慶環分(fen)區(qu)(qu),轄華池、環縣(xian)(xian)、曲子(zi)、固(gu)北等(deng)(deng)縣(xian)(xian)。在中共中央和邊區(qu)(qu)政(zheng)(zheng)府領導下,陜甘(gan)寧邊區(qu)(qu)所轄隴東(dong)各(ge)縣(xian)(xian)實施抗(kang)日民(min)主政(zheng)(zheng)治制度,開始由蘇維埃政(zheng)(zheng)府向(xiang)抗(kang)日民(min)主政(zheng)(zheng)府過渡。根(gen)據《陜甘(gan)寧邊區(qu)(qu)議(yi)會(hui)及行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)組織綱領》《陜甘(gan)寧邊區(qu)(qu)選舉(ju)條例》等(deng)(deng)法(fa)規精神，慶環分(fen)區(qu)(qu)所屬的(de)曲子(zi)、環縣(xian)(xian)、華池、固(gu)北等(deng)(deng)縣(xian)(xian)和關中分(fen)區(qu)(qu)所屬的(de)新正、新寧等(deng)(deng)縣(xian)(xian)，按照普遍、直接，平等(deng)(deng)、自由的(de)原則進(jin)行(xing)(xing)了(le)普選，選舉(ju)產(chan)生了(le)有各(ge)界抗(kang)日進(jin)步人士(shi)參加的(de)各(ge)級抗(kang)日民(min)主政(zheng)(zheng)府。到11月，相繼完成了(le)由工農(nong)蘇維埃政(zheng)(zheng)權向(xiang)抗(kang)日民(min)主政(zheng)(zheng)權的(de)轉變(bian)。

　　全(quan)民(min)(min)族抗日戰(zhan)爭初(chu)期,國民(min)(min)黨(dang)中(zhong)央政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)實行(xing)(xing)國共(gong)(gong)(gong)合(he)作(zuo)、對日作(zuo)戰(zhan)方(fang)針,隴(long)東(dong)地(di)區(qu)(qu)的國民(min)(min)黨(dang)地(di)方(fang)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)權也基本上采(cai)取同中(zhong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)隴(long)東(dong)地(di)方(fang)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)權團結合(he)作(zuo)、共(gong)(gong)(gong)同抗戰(zhan)的態度。1937年11月28日,國民(min)(min)黨(dang)甘肅省(sheng)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)主席賀(he)耀(yao)祖在給(gei)第(di)三行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)區(qu)(qu)督察專(zhuan)(zhuan)員(yuan)公署(隴(long)東(dong)行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)區(qu)(qu))專(zhuan)(zhuan)員(yuan)羅人驥的電報(bao)中(zhong)說:經(jing)過(guo)與(yu)中(zhong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)代(dai)表謝覺哉商定,“經(jing)邊區(qu)(qu)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)編(bian)組鄉鎮,由人民(min)(min)正式選舉負責人員(yuan)之(zhi)地(di)區(qu)(qu),暫歸邊區(qu)(qu)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)管(guan)轄。其未編(bian)組各地(di),即由各縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)分別整理(li)編(bian)組保(bao)甲”。國民(min)(min)黨(dang)軍(jun)(jun)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)部還(huan)將隴(long)東(dong)慶陽、合(he)水(shui)、寧縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、正寧、鎮原、環縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)等(deng)6縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)劃為八(ba)路(lu)(lu)軍(jun)(jun)“募(mu)補區(qu)(qu)”。在國共(gong)(gong)(gong)合(he)作(zuo)期間，隴(long)東(dong)各縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)歸邊區(qu)(qu)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)直接管(guan)轄，為國民(min)(min)黨(dang)當局承認(ren),“均屬八(ba)路(lu)(lu)軍(jun)(jun)的后(hou)方(fang),軍(jun)(jun)民(min)(min)協(xie)作(zuo)相安無事”。中(zhong)國共(gong)(gong)(gong)產黨(dang)為避免摩(mo)擦，維護國共(gong)(gong)(gong)合(he)作(zuo)抗戰(zhan)大局，允(yun)許慶陽、合(he)水(shui)、鎮原、寧縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、正寧等(deng)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)保(bao)留國民(min)(min)黨(dang)地(di)方(fang)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)權,由國民(min)(min)黨(dang)甘肅省(sheng)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)在西峰設(she)立的第(di)三行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)督察專(zhuan)(zhuan)員(yuan)公署管(guan)轄。

　　隴(long)東地(di)(di)區國(guo)共(gong)合作局面的(de)(de)(de)形成,是中(zhong)國(guo)共(gong)產(chan)黨實施抗日(ri)(ri)民(min)(min)族(zu)統一戰線的(de)(de)(de)結果,為(wei)隴(long)東抗日(ri)(ri)民(min)(min)主(zhu)根(gen)(gen)據地(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)形成和(he)發展創(chuang)造了(le)條件,奠定(ding)了(le)抗日(ri)(ri)戰爭時期隴(long)東抗日(ri)(ri)民(min)(min)主(zhu)根(gen)(gen)據地(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)基礎。在中(zhong)共(gong)中(zhong)央和(he)陜(shan)甘寧邊(bian)區政府(fu)領(ling)導下,隴(long)東抗日(ri)(ri)民(min)(min)主(zhu)根(gen)(gen)據地(di)(di)在政治、經濟(ji)、文化、軍事等方面進行(xing)一系列民(min)(min)主(zhu)建設,成為(wei)模范(fan)的(de)(de)(de)抗日(ri)(ri)民(min)(min)主(zhu)根(gen)(gen)據地(di)(di),為(wei)陜(shan)甘寧邊(bian)區的(de)(de)(de)鞏(gong)固和(he)發展,為(wei)保衛和(he)鞏(gong)固陜(shan)甘寧邊(bian)區的(de)(de)(de)西南(nan)大(da)門，爭取抗日(ri)(ri)戰爭的(de)(de)(de)勝利做出了(le)貢獻。

　　（中共(gong)甘(gan)肅(su)省委黨史研究室(shi)  安(an)永(yong)香）

　　資料來(lai)源：《中國共產黨甘肅歷史》第一卷