中國甘肅網1月27日訊（本(ben)網記者 宋芳科(ke)）1月27日(ri)，蘭鐵中院(yuan)召開(kai)(kai)新聞發(fa)布會(hui)，向社會(hui)公開(kai)(kai)發(fa)布《蘭州鐵路運輸中級法(fa)院(yuan)2016-2021年度行政賠償(chang)案件司法(fa)審(shen)查報(bao)告》（以下簡(jian)稱《行政賠償(chang)審(shen)判(pan)(pan)白皮書》）和《蘭州鐵路運輸中級法(fa)院(yuan)2020-2021年度行政審(shen)判(pan)(pan)十大(da)典型(xing)案例》（以下簡(jian)稱“十大(da)典型(xing)案例”）。

　　發布(bu)會上(shang)，蘭鐵中院(yuan)(yuan)黨組(zu)成員(yuan)、副院(yuan)(yuan)長李旭(xu)艷介紹了《行政賠(pei)(pei)償審判白皮(pi)書》的具體內容。《行政賠(pei)(pei)償審判白皮(pi)書》以(yi)兩級(ji)法院(yuan)(yuan)2016-2021年度行政賠(pei)(pei)償案件審理情(qing)況為(wei)切入點，統計分析了六年來兩級(ji)法院(yuan)(yuan)行政賠(pei)(pei)償案件的受理和審理基本情(qing)況。

　　白(bai)皮(pi)書統(tong)計結果顯示，六(liu)年來，蘭鐵兩級法院行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)賠(pei)償(chang)(chang)案(an)(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)呈現(xian)“三低(di)三高(gao)(gao)(gao)”的(de)(de)特點(dian)：行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)賠(pei)償(chang)(chang)案(an)(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)在(zai)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)案(an)(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)中(zhong)占(zhan)(zhan)比較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)低(di)，占(zhan)(zhan)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)案(an)(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)總數的(de)(de)7.83%，表(biao)明多數行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)糾紛在(zai)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)處理、行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)復議(yi)或(huo)者行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)訴訟階段已(yi)經實質(zhi)化(hua)解(jie)；房屋和土地等征收(shou)領域類案(an)(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)在(zai)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)賠(pei)償(chang)(chang)案(an)(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)中(zhong)的(de)(de)占(zhan)(zhan)比較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)(gao)(gao)，達到37.73%。行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)賠(pei)償(chang)(chang)案(an)(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)中(zhong)，行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)機關負責(ze)人(ren)出(chu)庭(ting)應訴率(lv)為(wei)(wei)11.19%，明顯低(di)于全(quan)省(sheng)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)機關負責(ze)人(ren)出(chu)庭(ting)應訴率(lv)90.67%的(de)(de)平(ping)均值(zhi)；行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)機關實體敗訴率(lv)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)(gao)(gao)，為(wei)(wei)70.32%。行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)賠(pei)償(chang)(chang)案(an)(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)調(diao)撤率(lv)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)低(di)，僅(jin)為(wei)(wei)2.49%，表(biao)明部(bu)分行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)機關對行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)賠(pei)償(chang)(chang)案(an)(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)出(chu)庭(ting)應訴工(gong)作不(bu)夠(gou)重視，實質(zhi)化(hua)解(jie)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)爭議(yi)的(de)(de)主動性(xing)不(bu)夠(gou)強；行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)賠(pei)償(chang)(chang)案(an)(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)中(zhong)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)機關主動履(lv)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)生效(xiao)(xiao)判(pan)決(jue)的(de)(de)比例(li)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)(gao)(gao)，主動履(lv)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)率(lv)為(wei)(wei)83.6%，表(biao)明在(zai)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)賠(pei)償(chang)(chang)案(an)(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)中(zhong)，多數行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)機關都能尊重并主動履(lv)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)人(ren)民法院生效(xiao)(xiao)判(pan)決(jue)。

　　白(bai)皮(pi)書(shu)指出(chu)，從兩級法院審(shen)理行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)賠(pei)償(chang)案件情況來看，行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)機(ji)關(guan)(guan)依法行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)意識已(yi)逐步(bu)(bu)(bu)確立(li)，規(gui)范執法意識明(ming)顯提(ti)升，實(shi)質性(xing)(xing)解決行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)賠(pei)償(chang)爭議的(de)主動(dong)性(xing)(xing)有(you)(you)所增強(qiang)，政(zheng)府(fu)(fu)形象和(he)公信力顯著提(ti)升。各(ge)(ge)級政(zheng)府(fu)(fu)和(he)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)機(ji)關(guan)(guan)對行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)訴訟(song)重要性(xing)(xing)的(de)認識不斷增強(qiang)，社(she)會各(ge)(ge)界對行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)訴訟(song)充(chong)分(fen)關(guan)(guan)注、理解和(he)支持，行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)審(shen)判司法環境得到進(jin)(jin)一(yi)(yi)步(bu)(bu)(bu)改(gai)善。但同(tong)時(shi)還存在諸如執法水平有(you)(you)待進(jin)(jin)一(yi)(yi)步(bu)(bu)(bu)提(ti)高、應訴能(neng)(neng)力有(you)(you)待進(jin)(jin)一(yi)(yi)步(bu)(bu)(bu)提(ti)升、訴訟(song)觀念(nian)有(you)(you)待進(jin)(jin)一(yi)(yi)步(bu)(bu)(bu)轉變、配套(tao)機(ji)制有(you)(you)待進(jin)(jin)一(yi)(yi)步(bu)(bu)(bu)健(jian)全(quan)等部分(fen)問題。為進(jin)(jin)一(yi)(yi)步(bu)(bu)(bu)規(gui)范行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)執法行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)為、推進(jin)(jin)法治政(zheng)府(fu)(fu)建(jian)設(she)，白(bai)皮(pi)書(shu)針(zhen)對行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)機(ji)關(guan)(guan)加(jia)強(qiang)和(he)改(gai)進(jin)(jin)依法行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)工作提(ti)出(chu)了四點(dian)明(ming)確建(jian)議：強(qiang)化法治思維(wei)(wei)、源(yuan)頭預防行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)爭議，落實(shi)主體(ti)責任、切實(shi)提(ti)升應訴能(neng)(neng)力，深化良(liang)性(xing)(xing)互動(dong)、實(shi)質解決賠(pei)償(chang)糾(jiu)紛，健(jian)全(quan)工作機(ji)制、維(wei)(wei)護政(zheng)府(fu)(fu)良(liang)好形象，以(yi)此促進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)機(ji)關(guan)(guan)提(ti)升依法行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)水平。

　　李旭(xu)艷(yan)在發(fa)布行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)審(shen)判十(shi)(shi)大典(dian)型(xing)案(an)例時介紹(shao)，此(ci)次選編的十(shi)(shi)大典(dian)型(xing)案(an)例在2020和(he)2021年度(du)審(shen)結生(sheng)效(xiao)的、法(fa)(fa)(fa)律效(xiao)果和(he)社(she)會效(xiao)果較(jiao)好行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)案(an)件中討論選定(ding)。涉及執法(fa)(fa)(fa)領域有(you)(you)市場(chang)監管(guan)、環境保護、治(zhi)安管(guan)理、社(she)會保障、房屋征收、集(ji)體(ti)土地征收、不動產登(deng)記和(he)路政(zheng)(zheng)執法(fa)(fa)(fa)等，涉及行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)行(xing)為種類有(you)(you)行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)處罰、工傷認定(ding)、行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)補償、行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)強制(zhi)、政(zheng)(zheng)府信息公(gong)(gong)開、不履行(xing)法(fa)(fa)(fa)定(ding)職責等。對依法(fa)(fa)(fa)保護當事人合法(fa)(fa)(fa)權(quan)益，規范和(he)指引(yin)(yin)社(she)會生(sheng)活，引(yin)(yin)導公(gong)(gong)民、法(fa)(fa)(fa)人和(he)其他(ta)組(zu)織(zhi)正確行(xing)使訴訟權(quan)利，監督和(he)促(cu)進行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)機(ji)關依法(fa)(fa)(fa)行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)，實質性解決行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)爭議(yi)具有(you)(you)指引(yin)(yin)作(zuo)用，有(you)(you)利于發(fa)揮(hui)典(dian)型(xing)案(an)例的價值示范引(yin)(yin)領功(gong)能。

　　發布會(hui)上，研究室(shi)主任李(li)德福、行政庭(ting)庭(ting)長(chang)馬世(shi)元(yuan)分別就(jiu)《行政賠償審(shen)判白(bai)皮書》和(he)十大典型案例的編寫情況做了說明(ming)。