初核中發現，評(ping)標(biao)專家在工程評(ping)標(biao)過程中存在不按(an)照招(zhao)標(biao)文件規定的評(ping)標(biao)標(biao)準和方法評(ping)標(biao)，對此問(wen)題，該如何處置(zhi)？如果發現的是評(ping)標(biao)專家涉(she)嫌(xian)收受(shou)投標(biao)人賄賂問(wen)題，又該如何處置(zhi)？對此筆者談幾點(dian)思考。

　　首先，監察(cha)機關(guan)對評(ping)標(biao)(biao)(biao)專(zhuan)(zhuan)家(jia)(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)職(zhi)務(wu)(wu)違(wei)法(fa)犯罪(zui)行(xing)為(wei)具有(you)管(guan)(guan)轄權。監察(cha)法(fa)第十(shi)五(wu)條(tiao)規定了(le)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)職(zhi)人員(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)范(fan)圍，判(pan)斷(duan)一(yi)個(ge)人是(shi)(shi)不是(shi)(shi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)職(zhi)人員(yuan)，關(guan)鍵看他是(shi)(shi)不是(shi)(shi)行(xing)使公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)權力、履行(xing)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)務(wu)(wu)，而不僅(jin)(jin)僅(jin)(jin)看他是(shi)(shi)否(fou)有(you)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)職(zhi)。同時(shi)，臨(lin)時(shi)從事與職(zhi)權相聯系的(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)理事務(wu)(wu)，包(bao)括依法(fa)組(zu)建的(de)(de)(de)(de)評(ping)標(biao)(biao)(biao)委(wei)員(yuan)會、競(jing)爭性談判(pan)采(cai)購(gou)中(zhong)(zhong)談判(pan)小(xiao)組(zu)、詢價采(cai)購(gou)中(zhong)(zhong)詢價小(xiao)組(zu)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)組(zu)成人員(yuan)，在招標(biao)(biao)(biao)、政府采(cai)購(gou)等事項的(de)(de)(de)(de)評(ping)標(biao)(biao)(biao)或者(zhe)采(cai)購(gou)活動中(zhong)(zhong)，利用職(zhi)權實施(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)職(zhi)務(wu)(wu)違(wei)法(fa)和職(zhi)務(wu)(wu)犯罪(zui)行(xing)為(wei)，監察(cha)機關(guan)對行(xing)使評(ping)標(biao)(biao)(biao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)權力的(de)(de)(de)(de)評(ping)標(biao)(biao)(biao)專(zhuan)(zhuan)家(jia)(jia)具有(you)管(guan)(guan)轄權，可以依法(fa)調查。需要注意的(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)，評(ping)標(biao)(biao)(biao)專(zhuan)(zhuan)家(jia)(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)職(zhi)身份(fen)(fen)與履行(xing)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)務(wu)(wu)密不可分，應當動態(tai)把握。評(ping)標(biao)(biao)(biao)專(zhuan)(zhuan)家(jia)(jia)在未(wei)被(bei)選(xuan)擇、未(wei)履行(xing)評(ping)標(biao)(biao)(biao)職(zhi)責時(shi)，僅(jin)(jin)是(shi)(shi)專(zhuan)(zhuan)家(jia)(jia)庫中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)員(yuan)，并不必然具有(you)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)職(zhi)身份(fen)(fen)。

　　其(qi)次，注意區(qu)分行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)監督(du)(du)(du)部門和監察(cha)機(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)職(zhi)責。比如，依(yi)(yi)據《北京市評(ping)(ping)標專(zhuan)(zhuan)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)庫和評(ping)(ping)標專(zhuan)(zhuan)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)管(guan)理辦法(fa)》，市政(zheng)(zheng)府有關(guan)(guan)(guan)招(zhao)標投標行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)監督(du)(du)(du)部門在(zai)(zai)(zai)各(ge)自的(de)職(zhi)責范圍內(nei)推薦(jian)評(ping)(ping)標專(zhuan)(zhuan)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)人選；監督(du)(du)(du)評(ping)(ping)標專(zhuan)(zhuan)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)在(zai)(zai)(zai)有關(guan)(guan)(guan)評(ping)(ping)標活(huo)動中的(de)行(xing)(xing)(xing)為(wei)(wei)。對(dui)(dui)于評(ping)(ping)標專(zhuan)(zhuan)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)有違反(fan)(fan)招(zhao)標投標法(fa)律(lv)、法(fa)規(gui)和規(gui)章規(gui)定的(de)行(xing)(xing)(xing)為(wei)(wei)的(de)，由有關(guan)(guan)(guan)行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)監督(du)(du)(du)部門依(yi)(yi)法(fa)處(chu)理。評(ping)(ping)標專(zhuan)(zhuan)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)數量龐(pang)大(da)，專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)性強，涉及房屋(wu)建(jian)筑(zhu)、園林綠化、市政(zheng)(zheng)道路、信息化等多個(ge)領(ling)域，是(shi)否涉嫌職(zhi)務違法(fa)犯罪(zui)往(wang)往(wang)較難判斷(duan)，監察(cha)機(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)應當發(fa)揮“監督(du)(du)(du)的(de)再監督(du)(du)(du)”作(zuo)用，督(du)(du)(du)促行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)監督(du)(du)(du)部門履(lv)行(xing)(xing)(xing)對(dui)(dui)評(ping)(ping)標專(zhuan)(zhuan)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)日常監督(du)(du)(du)管(guan)理職(zhi)責，對(dui)(dui)評(ping)(ping)標專(zhuan)(zhuan)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)違反(fan)(fan)招(zhao)投標法(fa)、政(zheng)(zheng)府采(cai)購法(fa)等不當行(xing)(xing)(xing)為(wei)(wei)責令(ling)改正或(huo)給(gei)予相應處(chu)理。如果評(ping)(ping)標專(zhuan)(zhuan)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)涉嫌職(zhi)務違法(fa)犯罪(zui)問(wen)題需要給(gei)予黨紀處(chu)分或(huo)者追究法(fa)律(lv)責任(ren)，應當由監察(cha)機(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)管(guan)轄。相關(guan)(guan)(guan)行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)監督(du)(du)(du)部門在(zai)(zai)(zai)日常監督(du)(du)(du)中發(fa)現上述問(wen)題線索(suo)，應及時移交監察(cha)機(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)處(chu)理。

　　最后，根據(ju)(ju)評(ping)(ping)(ping)標(biao)專家(jia)(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)具體(ti)身份(fen)(fen)確定管(guan)(guan)(guan)轄(xia)(xia)機(ji)關(guan)(guan)。監(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)法(fa)(fa)實(shi)施條例明確了監(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)機(ji)關(guan)(guan)開展監(jian)(jian)(jian)督、調查、處置，按照(zhao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)權限(xian)(xian)與屬地管(guan)(guan)(guan)轄(xia)(xia)相(xiang)結(jie)合的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原則，實(shi)行(xing)分級負責制。由(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)評(ping)(ping)(ping)標(biao)專家(jia)(jia)身份(fen)(fen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特殊性，筆者認為(wei)應(ying)(ying)當作以下區分：第一，對于(yu)(yu)同時具有其(qi)(qi)他類別公職(zhi)(zhi)身份(fen)(fen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)評(ping)(ping)(ping)標(biao)專家(jia)(jia)，應(ying)(ying)當根據(ju)(ju)其(qi)(qi)問題(ti)性質(zhi)、公職(zhi)(zhi)身份(fen)(fen)等(deng)依法(fa)(fa)確定管(guan)(guan)(guan)轄(xia)(xia)。相(xiang)關(guan)(guan)違法(fa)(fa)犯罪行(xing)為(wei)主要(yao)發生在評(ping)(ping)(ping)標(biao)工作過(guo)程中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，應(ying)(ying)當由(you)(you)監(jian)(jian)(jian)督行(xing)政(zheng)監(jian)(jian)(jian)督部(bu)(bu)門(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)監(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)機(ji)關(guan)(guan)與評(ping)(ping)(ping)標(biao)專家(jia)(jia)所屬單位(wei)監(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)機(ji)關(guan)(guan)協商確定管(guan)(guan)(guan)轄(xia)(xia)，由(you)(you)監(jian)(jian)(jian)督行(xing)政(zheng)監(jian)(jian)(jian)督部(bu)(bu)門(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)監(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)機(ji)關(guan)(guan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)轄(xia)(xia)更適(shi)合的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，可以由(you)(you)其(qi)(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)轄(xia)(xia)，相(xiang)關(guan)(guan)調查情(qing)況、材料及(ji)時向(xiang)評(ping)(ping)(ping)標(biao)專家(jia)(jia)所屬單位(wei)及(ji)有關(guan)(guan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)機(ji)關(guan)(guan)通報(bao)、移送，由(you)(you)其(qi)(qi)按照(zhao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)權限(xian)(xian)給(gei)予處分。此外，由(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)評(ping)(ping)(ping)標(biao)專家(jia)(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)公職(zhi)(zhi)身份(fen)(fen)是(shi)動態(tai)變化的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，因此評(ping)(ping)(ping)標(biao)專家(jia)(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)其(qi)(qi)他違法(fa)(fa)犯罪行(xing)為(wei)，則應(ying)(ying)根據(ju)(ju)評(ping)(ping)(ping)標(biao)專家(jia)(jia)本來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)身份(fen)(fen)確定管(guan)(guan)(guan)轄(xia)(xia)和處理(li)方式。第二，對于(yu)(yu)不具有其(qi)(qi)他類別公職(zhi)(zhi)身份(fen)(fen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)評(ping)(ping)(ping)標(biao)專家(jia)(jia)，應(ying)(ying)當優先由(you)(you)監(jian)(jian)(jian)督行(xing)政(zheng)監(jian)(jian)(jian)督部(bu)(bu)門(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)監(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)機(ji)關(guan)(guan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)轄(xia)(xia)，或者按照(zhao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)權限(xian)(xian)與屬地管(guan)(guan)(guan)轄(xia)(xia)相(xiang)結(jie)合的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原則確定管(guan)(guan)(guan)轄(xia)(xia)。

　　前文所舉案例中，發現評(ping)(ping)(ping)標(biao)專(zhuan)家在(zai)工程評(ping)(ping)(ping)標(biao)過(guo)程中不按照招(zhao)標(biao)文件規定的(de)評(ping)(ping)(ping)標(biao)標(biao)準(zhun)和方法評(ping)(ping)(ping)標(biao)的(de)問(wen)題，監(jian)察(cha)機關(guan)(guan)可以(yi)將(jiang)評(ping)(ping)(ping)標(biao)專(zhuan)家的(de)問(wen)題移送行政監(jian)督(du)部門(men)，由(you)其依法處理。如果發現的(de)是評(ping)(ping)(ping)標(biao)專(zhuan)家涉嫌(xian)收(shou)受(shou)投標(biao)人賄賂問(wen)題，由(you)監(jian)察(cha)機關(guan)(guan)開展監(jian)察(cha)調查后(hou)，再根(gen)據具(ju)體情況移送檢察(cha)機關(guan)(guan)或評(ping)(ping)(ping)標(biao)專(zhuan)家所屬單位監(jian)察(cha)機關(guan)(guan)進行處理。（作者 齊金(jin)玲 ）