生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)建(jian)設是關系(xi)中(zhong)華民族永續發(fa)展的(de)(de)千年(nian)大(da)計，是新時代(dai)中(zhong)國(guo)特色(se)社(she)會(hui)主義的(de)(de)一(yi)個重(zhong)要(yao)特征(zheng)。黨的(de)(de)十八大(da)以(yi)來(lai)，以(yi)習近(jin)(jin)平同志(zhi)為核心(xin)的(de)(de)黨中(zhong)央把生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)建(jian)設作為統籌推(tui)進“五位一(yi)體”總體布局和(he)協調(diao)推(tui)進“四個全(quan)面(mian)”戰略布局的(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)內(nei)容，全(quan)面(mian)分析我國(guo)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)建(jian)設和(he)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環境保護(hu)面(mian)臨的(de)(de)嚴(yan)峻形(xing)勢，深刻回答了(le)為什么(me)建(jian)設生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)、建(jian)設什么(me)樣的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)、怎樣建(jian)設生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)等重(zhong)大(da)理論(lun)和(he)實踐問題，系(xi)統形(xing)成了(le)習近(jin)(jin)平生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)思想(xiang)。習近(jin)(jin)平生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)思想(xiang)內(nei)涵(han)豐富、博(bo)大(da)精(jing)深，是系(xi)統完(wan)整(zheng)、邏輯(ji)嚴(yan)密的(de)(de)科學(xue)理論(lun)體系(xi)。

　　堅持人與自然和諧共生

　　習近平(ping)總書記指出：“自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)是(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)命之母(mu)，人(ren)(ren)與(yu)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)是(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)命共(gong)(gong)同體(ti)，人(ren)(ren)類必須敬(jing)畏自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)、尊重自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)、順(shun)應自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)、保護自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)。”生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環境是(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)類生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)存和發展的(de)(de)(de)(de)根基(ji)(ji)。人(ren)(ren)因(yin)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)而生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，人(ren)(ren)與(yu)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)的(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)(guan)系是(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)類社會最基(ji)(ji)本的(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)(guan)系。人(ren)(ren)與(yu)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)共(gong)(gong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)共(gong)(gong)存，無(wu)序開發、粗暴掠奪，人(ren)(ren)類定會遭到大(da)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)的(de)(de)(de)(de)無(wu)情(qing)報(bao)復；合理利(li)用、友好保護，人(ren)(ren)類必將獲得(de)大(da)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)的(de)(de)(de)(de)慷慨回報(bao)。工業(ye)化進程創造了前(qian)所(suo)未有的(de)(de)(de)(de)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)財富，也帶(dai)來(lai)了生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)多樣性(xing)喪失和環境破壞的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)危機，產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)了難(nan)以彌補的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)創傷，越來(lai)越多的(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)類活動不斷觸及自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)邊(bian)界和底線。只有深化對人(ren)(ren)與(yu)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)命共(gong)(gong)同體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)規律性(xing)認識，高揚生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文明旗(qi)幟，以自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)之道，養萬物(wu)(wu)之生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，從(cong)保護自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)中尋找發展機遇，才能形成人(ren)(ren)與(yu)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)和諧共(gong)(gong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)格(ge)局。

　　良(liang)好(hao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)環境是(shi)(shi)(shi)人和(he)(he)社(she)會持(chi)續發(fa)展的(de)(de)(de)根本基礎，是(shi)(shi)(shi)最(zui)(zui)(zui)基本的(de)(de)(de)公共產(chan)(chan)品和(he)(he)最(zui)(zui)(zui)普(pu)惠的(de)(de)(de)民生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)福祉。良(liang)好(hao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)本身蘊(yun)含著無窮(qiong)的(de)(de)(de)經(jing)濟(ji)價值，能夠源源不斷創造綜合(he)效益。隨著經(jing)濟(ji)社(she)會發(fa)展和(he)(he)人民生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活水(shui)平(ping)不斷提高，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)環境在(zai)人民群眾(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活幸福指數中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)地位不斷凸顯(xian)。為滿(man)足人民群眾(zhong)對美好(hao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)環境的(de)(de)(de)需要，必須堅持(chi)綠色(se)發(fa)展理(li)念，加大環境保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)力(li)度(du)，維護(hu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)系統(tong)平(ping)衡，保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)持(chi)山(shan)水(shui)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)(de)原真(zhen)(zhen)性和(he)(he)完整性，保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物多樣性，構筑多元共生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)系統(tong)，提升(sheng)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)系統(tong)穩定性和(he)(he)可(ke)持(chi)續性。習近平(ping)總書記(ji)指出：“綠色(se)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)是(shi)(shi)(shi)最(zui)(zui)(zui)大財(cai)富、最(zui)(zui)(zui)大優勢、最(zui)(zui)(zui)大品牌，一(yi)定要保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)好(hao)，做好(hao)治(zhi)山(shan)理(li)水(shui)、顯(xian)山(shan)露水(shui)的(de)(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)(wen)章。”“取之有度(du)、用之有節(jie)”，是(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)文(wen)(wen)(wen)明的(de)(de)(de)真(zhen)(zhen)諦。在(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)文(wen)(wen)(wen)明建設過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)自然(ran)就是(shi)(shi)(shi)增值自然(ran)價值和(he)(he)自然(ran)資(zi)本的(de)(de)(de)過(guo)程(cheng)，就是(shi)(shi)(shi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)和(he)(he)發(fa)展生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)力(li)。要倡導(dao)簡(jian)約適度(du)、綠色(se)低(di)碳的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活方式，構建全社(she)會共同參與(yu)的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)環境治(zhi)理(li)體系，讓(rang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)環保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)思(si)想成為社(she)會生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)主流(liu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化，讓(rang)天藍地綠水(shui)清深入(ru)人心(xin)，形成深刻的(de)(de)(de)人文(wen)(wen)(wen)情(qing)懷。

　　綠水青山就是金山銀山

　　綠(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)是(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)命的(de)(de)(de)(de)象征，是(shi)(shi)大自然的(de)(de)(de)(de)底色(se)(se)，符(fu)合人民群(qun)眾的(de)(de)(de)(de)期盼和愿望(wang)。生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)問題歸根結底是(shi)(shi)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)方式(shi)和生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活方式(shi)問題。殺雞取卵(luan)、竭澤而漁的(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)統(tong)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)方式(shi)走(zou)到(dao)了盡頭，順應(ying)自然、保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)綠(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)昭示著未(wei)來。習近平總(zong)書(shu)記強調：“要正確處理(li)(li)好經濟發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)同(tong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)關系，牢固樹(shu)立保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)力(li)、改善生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)力(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)理(li)(li)念，更加(jia)自覺地(di)推動綠(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)、循環(huan)(huan)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)、低碳(tan)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，決(jue)(jue)不(bu)以犧(xi)牲環(huan)(huan)境(jing)為(wei)代價去換取一時的(de)(de)(de)(de)經濟增長，決(jue)(jue)不(bu)走(zou)‘先污染后治理(li)(li)’的(de)(de)(de)(de)路(lu)子。”黨的(de)(de)(de)(de)十九大首次將“必須(xu)樹(shu)立和踐行綠(lv)(lv)水(shui)青山就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)金(jin)山銀山的(de)(de)(de)(de)理(li)(li)念”寫入大會報告。《中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)共產(chan)黨章程》總(zong)綱中(zhong)明確指(zhi)出：樹(shu)立尊重自然、順應(ying)自然、保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)自然的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)文明理(li)(li)念，增強綠(lv)(lv)水(shui)青山就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)金(jin)山銀山的(de)(de)(de)(de)意識(shi)。“綠(lv)(lv)水(shui)青山就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)金(jin)山銀山”的(de)(de)(de)(de)綠(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)觀，是(shi)(shi)馬克思主(zhu)義(yi)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)化的(de)(de)(de)(de)新概括，發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)了馬克思主(zhu)義(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)觀。綠(lv)(lv)水(shui)青山既是(shi)(shi)自然財富(fu)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)財富(fu)，又是(shi)(shi)社會財富(fu)、經濟財富(fu)，應(ying)在(zai)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)中(zhong)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)，在(zai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)中(zhong)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，實現(xian)經濟社會發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)與人口、資源、環(huan)(huan)境(jing)相協調，讓良好生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)成(cheng)為(wei)人民生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活改善的(de)(de)(de)(de)增長點、成(cheng)為(wei)經濟社會持續健康發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)支撐點、成(cheng)為(wei)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)現(xian)我國(guo)(guo)良好形象的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)力(li)點。在(zai)我國(guo)(guo)經濟由高(gao)(gao)速增長階段轉向高(gao)(gao)質量(liang)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)階段過(guo)程中(zhong)，必須(xu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)持加(jia)強生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)文明建設的(de)(de)(de)(de)戰略(lve)定力(li)。

　　推(tui)動(dong)形成(cheng)(cheng)綠(lv)(lv)色發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)方(fang)式(shi)和(he)(he)(he)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)方(fang)式(shi)，是(shi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)觀(guan)的(de)(de)一場深(shen)刻革(ge)命(ming)。堅持(chi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)優先、綠(lv)(lv)色發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，必(bi)須(xu)堅定不移走(zou)出一條生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)富裕、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)良好的(de)(de)文明發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)道(dao)路(lu)。這條道(dao)路(lu)主要具有以(yi)下(xia)特征(zheng)：一是(shi)更高(gao)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。堅持(chi)五大(da)(da)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)理(li)念，按照(zhao)高(gao)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)要求(qiu)(qiu)，處理(li)好發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)與保護(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)關系，推(tui)動(dong)形成(cheng)(cheng)綠(lv)(lv)色發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)方(fang)式(shi)和(he)(he)(he)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)方(fang)式(shi)。在(zai)黃河流(liu)(liu)域生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保護(hu)(hu)和(he)(he)(he)高(gao)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)座談會上，習近(jin)(jin)平(ping)總(zong)書(shu)(shu)記(ji)指(zhi)出：“要尊重規律，摒棄征(zheng)服水、征(zheng)服自(zi)(zi)然的(de)(de)沖動(dong)思(si)想(xiang)。”堅定不移走(zou)綠(lv)(lv)色低(di)碳循環(huan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)之路(lu)，將生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)承載(zai)(zai)力作為基(ji)(ji)(ji)本(ben)依(yi)據，既(ji)要追求(qiu)(qiu)經濟目(mu)標(biao)，也要追求(qiu)(qiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)目(mu)標(biao)、人與自(zi)(zi)然和(he)(he)(he)諧的(de)(de)目(mu)標(biao)，把生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)文明建(jian)設(she)融入(ru)經濟社會發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)各方(fang)面和(he)(he)(he)全過程，致力于實現可(ke)(ke)持(chi)續發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。二(er)是(shi)更有效率的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。抓住(zhu)綠(lv)(lv)色機遇，推(tui)進(jin)(jin)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)和(he)(he)(he)消(xiao)費(fei)革(ge)命(ming)，讓(rang)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)節約、環(huan)境(jing)(jing)友好成(cheng)(cheng)為主流(liu)(liu)的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)方(fang)式(shi)。習近(jin)(jin)平(ping)總(zong)書(shu)(shu)記(ji)指(zhi)出：“堅持(chi)源(yuan)(yuan)頭嚴防、過程嚴管、后果嚴懲(cheng)，治標(biao)治本(ben)多管齊下(xia)，朝(chao)著藍天凈(jing)水的(de)(de)目(mu)標(biao)不斷前(qian)進(jin)(jin)。這是(shi)利(li)(li)國(guo)利(li)(li)民利(li)(li)子孫后代的(de)(de)一項重要工作，決不能(neng)說起來(lai)重要、喊起來(lai)響亮、做(zuo)起來(lai)掛空(kong)擋。”要正確處理(li)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)和(he)(he)(he)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)保護(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)關系，把提出的(de)(de)行(xing)動(dong)計劃(hua)又快又好落實到行(xing)動(dong)上。三是(shi)更加(jia)公(gong)平(ping)的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。科(ke)學布(bu)局(ju)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)空(kong)間(jian)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)空(kong)間(jian)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)空(kong)間(jian)，更加(jia)注重人口經濟和(he)(he)(he)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)均(jun)衡發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。習近(jin)(jin)平(ping)總(zong)書(shu)(shu)記(ji)指(zhi)出：“要采取有力措施促(cu)進(jin)(jin)區域協(xie)(xie)調發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)、城鄉協(xie)(xie)調發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，加(jia)快欠(qian)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)達地(di)區發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，積(ji)極推(tui)進(jin)(jin)城鄉發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)一體化和(he)(he)(he)城鄉基(ji)(ji)(ji)本(ben)公(gong)共(gong)服務均(jun)等(deng)化。”要著力塑(su)造要素(su)有序自(zi)(zi)由流(liu)(liu)動(dong)、主體功(gong)能(neng)約束有效、基(ji)(ji)(ji)本(ben)公(gong)共(gong)服務均(jun)等(deng)、資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)可(ke)(ke)承載(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)區域協(xie)(xie)調發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)新(xin)格局(ju)。四是(shi)更可(ke)(ke)持(chi)續的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。單純(chun)依(yi)靠財政刺(ci)激政策和(he)(he)(he)非常規貨幣政策的(de)(de)增(zeng)長(chang)不可(ke)(ke)持(chi)續，建(jian)立在(zai)過度資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)消(xiao)耗和(he)(he)(he)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)污(wu)染基(ji)(ji)(ji)礎(chu)上的(de)(de)增(zeng)長(chang)得(de)不償失。習近(jin)(jin)平(ping)總(zong)書(shu)(shu)記(ji)指(zhi)出：“要讓(rang)大(da)(da)家充分認識到推(tui)動(dong)形成(cheng)(cheng)綠(lv)(lv)色發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)方(fang)式(shi)和(he)(he)(he)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)方(fang)式(shi)的(de)(de)長(chang)期(qi)性(xing)、復雜性(xing)、艱巨性(xing)，在(zai)思(si)想(xiang)上高(gao)度重視起來(lai)，扎(zha)扎(zha)實實把生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)文明建(jian)設(she)抓好。如果不重視、不抓緊、不落實，任憑存(cun)在(zai)的(de)(de)問(wen)題(ti)再惡化下(xia)去，我國(guo)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)必(bi)將是(shi)不可(ke)(ke)持(chi)續的(de)(de)。”要讓(rang)土地(di)、勞動(dong)力、資(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)、自(zi)(zi)然風(feng)光等(deng)要素(su)活(huo)(huo)起來(lai)，讓(rang)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)變(bian)資(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)、資(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)變(bian)股金、農民變(bian)股東，推(tui)動(dong)自(zi)(zi)然資(zi)(zi)本(ben)大(da)(da)量(liang)增(zeng)值。

　　良好的生態環境是最普惠的民生福祉

　　生(sheng)態環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)是(shi)(shi)關系(xi)黨(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使命宗旨(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)大(da)政治問(wen)題，也(ye)是(shi)(shi)關系(xi)民(min)(min)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)大(da)社(she)會問(wen)題。習近平總書記指出：“生(sheng)態環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)特(te)別是(shi)(shi)大(da)氣(qi)、水(shui)、土壤污(wu)染嚴重(zhong)(zhong)，已成(cheng)為全面(mian)建成(cheng)小康社(she)會的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)突出短板(ban)。扭轉環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)惡化(hua)、提高環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)質量(liang)是(shi)(shi)廣大(da)人(ren)民(min)(min)群(qun)眾(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)切期盼。”同時強調，“如果經濟發展了，但生(sheng)態破壞了、環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)惡化(hua)了，大(da)家整天生(sheng)活在(zai)霧霾中(zhong)，吃不(bu)到(dao)(dao)(dao)安(an)全的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)食(shi)品，喝不(bu)到(dao)(dao)(dao)潔凈的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)，呼(hu)吸不(bu)到(dao)(dao)(dao)新(xin)鮮的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)空氣(qi)，居住不(bu)到(dao)(dao)(dao)宜居的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)，那樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)小康、那樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現代(dai)(dai)化(hua)不(bu)是(shi)(shi)人(ren)民(min)(min)希望的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。”人(ren)民(min)(min)群(qun)眾(zhong)對(dui)清新(xin)空氣(qi)、清澈水(shui)質、清潔環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)等生(sheng)態產品的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需(xu)求越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)迫切，生(sheng)態環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)珍貴。在(zai)走向(xiang)生(sheng)態文(wen)明新(xin)時代(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)程中(zhong)，要讓人(ren)民(min)(min)群(qun)眾(zhong)呼(hu)吸上(shang)新(xin)鮮的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)空氣(qi)、喝上(shang)干凈的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)、吃上(shang)放(fang)心的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)食(shi)物、生(sheng)活在(zai)宜居的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)中(zhong)，切實(shi)(shi)感(gan)受(shou)到(dao)(dao)(dao)經濟發展帶來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)在(zai)在(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)效益(yi)。

　　生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境具(ju)有公(gong)共產(chan)品屬性(xing)，環(huan)境就是(shi)(shi)民(min)生(sheng)(sheng)，青山就是(shi)(shi)美麗(li)，藍天也是(shi)(shi)幸福(fu)。不斷滿足人(ren)(ren)民(min)群眾日(ri)益增(zeng)長的(de)(de)優(you)美生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境需要，是(shi)(shi)習近平(ping)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文明(ming)思想的(de)(de)鮮明(ming)特征(zheng)，體現出深(shen)厚的(de)(de)民(min)生(sheng)(sheng)情懷(huai)和強烈的(de)(de)責任擔(dan)當(dang)。經濟上(shang)臺階(jie)，生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文明(ming)也要上(shang)臺階(jie)。大力推進生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文明(ming)建設(she)，就是(shi)(shi)著(zhu)眼(yan)新(xin)(xin)時(shi)代社會主要矛盾變化(hua)，不斷滿足人(ren)(ren)民(min)日(ri)益增(zeng)長的(de)(de)美好(hao)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)需要，為人(ren)(ren)民(min)群眾提供(gong)更多優(you)質生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)產(chan)品。宜人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)氣(qi)候、充足的(de)(de)陽(yang)光(guang)、清新(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)空氣(qi)、清潔的(de)(de)水源、肥沃的(de)(de)土壤、寧靜的(de)(de)環(huan)境、和諧的(de)(de)氛(fen)圍、美麗(li)的(de)(de)景色等優(you)質生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)產(chan)品，幾乎涵蓋了(le)人(ren)(ren)們(men)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)的(de)(de)方方面(mian)面(mian)，是(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)們(men)賴以生(sheng)(sheng)存和發展(zhan)的(de)(de)自然條(tiao)件，能(neng)夠切實增(zeng)強人(ren)(ren)民(min)群眾的(de)(de)獲得感(gan)、幸福(fu)感(gan)、安(an)全(quan)感(gan)。

　　山水林田湖草沙是生命共同體

　　深(shen)刻(ke)把(ba)(ba)握山(shan)水(shui)林(lin)田(tian)(tian)(tian)湖(hu)草沙是生(sheng)(sheng)命(ming)共同體(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)思想(xiang)。山(shan)水(shui)林(lin)田(tian)(tian)(tian)湖(hu)草沙是不可(ke)分割(ge)的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)。生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)是統(tong)(tong)(tong)一的(de)(de)自(zi)然系統(tong)(tong)(tong)，是各(ge)種(zhong)自(zi)然要(yao)(yao)素(su)相互依存而實(shi)現循環(huan)的(de)(de)自(zi)然鏈條。習近(jin)平總(zong)書(shu)記指(zhi)出：“人的(de)(de)命(ming)脈在(zai)田(tian)(tian)(tian)，田(tian)(tian)(tian)的(de)(de)命(ming)脈在(zai)水(shui)，水(shui)的(de)(de)命(ming)脈在(zai)山(shan)，山(shan)的(de)(de)命(ming)脈在(zai)土(tu)，土(tu)的(de)(de)命(ming)脈在(zai)林(lin)和草，這(zhe)個生(sheng)(sheng)命(ming)共同體(ti)(ti)是人類(lei)生(sheng)(sheng)存發展的(de)(de)物質基礎。”我們要(yao)(yao)按照生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)整體(ti)(ti)性、系統(tong)(tong)(tong)性及其內(nei)在(zai)規律，統(tong)(tong)(tong)籌考慮自(zi)然生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)各(ge)要(yao)(yao)素(su)、山(shan)上山(shan)下(xia)、地(di)上地(di)下(xia)、陸地(di)海洋以及流域(yu)上下(xia)游，進(jin)行整體(ti)(ti)保護(hu)、系統(tong)(tong)(tong)修復、綜合治理，增強(qiang)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)循環(huan)能力，維護(hu)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)平衡。遵循生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)內(nei)在(zai)規律，把(ba)(ba)握好生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)空(kong)(kong)(kong)間(jian)(jian)、生(sheng)(sheng)活空(kong)(kong)(kong)間(jian)(jian)、生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)空(kong)(kong)(kong)間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)內(nei)在(zai)聯系，根據促進(jin)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)空(kong)(kong)(kong)間(jian)(jian)集約高效、生(sheng)(sheng)活空(kong)(kong)(kong)間(jian)(jian)宜(yi)居適度、生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)空(kong)(kong)(kong)間(jian)(jian)山(shan)清(qing)水(shui)秀的(de)(de)總(zong)體(ti)(ti)要(yao)(yao)求，堅持(chi)開發和保護(hu)并(bing)重，污染(ran)防(fang)治和生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)修復并(bing)舉，著力擴大環(huan)境容(rong)量和生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)空(kong)(kong)(kong)間(jian)(jian)，不斷增強(qiang)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)自(zi)我循環(huan)和凈化能力，維護(hu)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)平衡，形成生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)、生(sheng)(sheng)活、生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)協調統(tong)(tong)(tong)一。

　　綠色(se)低(di)碳轉型是系統性工(gong)(gong)程，必須(xu)統籌(chou)兼顧、整體推進。生(sheng)(sheng)態系統是一個有機生(sheng)(sheng)命體，要(yao)按(an)照系統工(gong)(gong)程的(de)思路(lu)，用(yong)(yong)系統論的(de)思想方法看問題，在統籌(chou)上下功(gong)夫，在重點(dian)上求突破(po)，全(quan)方位、全(quan)地域、全(quan)過程開(kai)展生(sheng)(sheng)態環境(jing)(jing)保護(hu)建(jian)設，全(quan)面(mian)提(ti)升(sheng)自然生(sheng)(sheng)態系統穩定性和生(sheng)(sheng)態服務功(gong)能，筑(zhu)牢(lao)生(sheng)(sheng)態安(an)全(quan)屏障(zhang)。習近(jin)平(ping)總書記(ji)指(zhi)出：“生(sheng)(sheng)態環境(jing)(jing)問題，歸根(gen)到底是資源(yuan)過度開(kai)發、粗放利(li)用(yong)(yong)、奢侈消費造(zao)成的(de)。資源(yuan)開(kai)發利(li)用(yong)(yong)既要(yao)支(zhi)撐當(dang)代(dai)人過上幸福(fu)生(sheng)(sheng)活，也(ye)要(yao)為子孫后代(dai)留下生(sheng)(sheng)存根(gen)基。”這(zhe)就需要(yao)站在人與(yu)自然和諧(xie)共生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)高度來謀劃(hua)經濟(ji)社會發展，著(zhu)眼于可(ke)持續，系統分析(xi)、綜(zong)合施(shi)策(ce)，以資源(yuan)環境(jing)(jing)承載(zai)力(li)為硬約束，劃(hua)定生(sheng)(sheng)態紅線(xian)，在轉變動力(li)、創新模(mo)式、提(ti)升(sheng)水平(ping)、提(ti)高質(zhi)量上下功(gong)夫，努力(li)走(zou)向社會主義生(sheng)(sheng)態文明新時代(dai)，建(jian)設美麗中(zhong)國(guo)。

　　保護生態環境必須依靠制度、依靠法治

　　推(tui)動綠色發(fa)展，建設(she)生(sheng)(sheng)態文明，重在建章立(li)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，要(yao)有持(chi)續(xu)(xu)性的(de)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)安排，深化(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)態文明體制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)改(gai)革，盡快把(ba)生(sheng)(sheng)態文明制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)的(de)“四梁(liang)八柱”建立(li)起來，把(ba)生(sheng)(sheng)態文明建設(she)納入制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)化(hua)(hua)、法(fa)(fa)治(zhi)化(hua)(hua)軌道。習近平(ping)總書(shu)記指(zhi)出(chu)：“保護生(sheng)(sheng)態環境(jing)必須依靠(kao)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)、依靠(kao)法(fa)(fa)治(zhi)。只有實行最嚴格的(de)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)、最嚴密的(de)法(fa)(fa)治(zhi)，才能為生(sheng)(sheng)態文明建設(she)提供可靠(kao)保障。”“兩(liang)個最嚴”就是要(yao)在制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)上(shang)、法(fa)(fa)治(zhi)上(shang)堅決遏制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)生(sheng)(sheng)態環境(jing)持(chi)續(xu)(xu)惡(e)化(hua)(hua)的(de)趨勢，著力(li)解決生(sheng)(sheng)態環境(jing)方面突出(chu)問題，讓人民(min)群眾不(bu)斷感受到生(sheng)(sheng)態環境(jing)的(de)改(gai)善(shan)。

　　面(mian)對資源(yuan)約(yue)束趨緊、環境(jing)污(wu)染嚴(yan)重(zhong)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)系(xi)(xi)統退化的(de)嚴(yan)峻形勢，完(wan)善(shan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)文(wen)明(ming)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)，嚴(yan)密生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)文(wen)明(ming)領域法(fa)治，強化制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)監督(du)和執(zhi)行(xing)，已成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)加強生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)文(wen)明(ming)建(jian)設的(de)重(zhong)要(yao)路徑(jing)。一(yi)(yi)是制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)科學(xue)的(de)考核評價體(ti)系(xi)(xi)，完(wan)善(shan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)文(wen)明(ming)領域統籌協調機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。習近平(ping)總書記指出：“把資源(yuan)消耗(hao)、環境(jing)損(sun)(sun)害、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)效(xiao)益等體(ti)現(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)文(wen)明(ming)建(jian)設狀況的(de)指標納入經(jing)濟社會(hui)(hui)發展評價體(ti)系(xi)(xi)，建(jian)立體(ti)現(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)文(wen)明(ming)要(yao)求的(de)目(mu)標體(ti)系(xi)(xi)、考核辦法(fa)、獎懲機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，使之成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)推進生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)文(wen)明(ming)建(jian)設的(de)重(zhong)要(yao)導向和約(yue)束。”通(tong)過完(wan)善(shan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)安全(quan)屏障體(ti)系(xi)(xi)、構建(jian)自(zi)然保(bao)護(hu)地(di)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)、健全(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)保(bao)護(hu)補償(chang)機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、健全(quan)現(xian)代環境(jing)治理體(ti)系(xi)(xi)、構建(jian)資源(yuan)循環利用體(ti)系(xi)(xi)、構建(jian)綠色發展政策(ce)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)等，推動經(jing)濟社會(hui)(hui)發展全(quan)面(mian)綠色轉型。二是建(jian)立責任追(zhui)究(jiu)(jiu)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)，以(yi)法(fa)治理念、法(fa)治方式推動生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)文(wen)明(ming)建(jian)設。習近平(ping)總書記指出：“對那(nei)些(xie)不(bu)顧(gu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環境(jing)盲目(mu)決策(ce)、造成(cheng)(cheng)嚴(yan)重(zhong)后果的(de)人，必(bi)須追(zhui)究(jiu)(jiu)其(qi)責任，而(er)且應該終身追(zhui)究(jiu)(jiu)。真抓(zhua)就要(yao)這樣(yang)抓(zhua)，否則(ze)就會(hui)(hui)流于形式。”加大(da)環境(jing)保(bao)護(hu)督(du)察工作力(li)度(du)，對破(po)壞生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環境(jing)的(de)行(xing)為(wei)，不(bu)能(neng)(neng)手軟，不(bu)能(neng)(neng)下不(bu)為(wei)例，決不(bu)能(neng)(neng)讓制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)“沒有牙齒的(de)老虎”。認真貫(guan)徹依(yi)法(fa)依(yi)規、客觀公正、科學(xue)認定(ding)、權責一(yi)(yi)致、終身追(zhui)究(jiu)(jiu)的(de)原則(ze)，加大(da)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)敏感區(qu)、國家公園等重(zhong)要(yao)地(di)區(qu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環境(jing)破(po)壞問(wen)題(ti)查處力(li)度(du)，要(yao)嚴(yan)懲重(zhong)罰(fa)。落(luo)實(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環境(jing)損(sun)(sun)害賠償(chang)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)，大(da)幅提高違(wei)法(fa)違(wei)規成(cheng)(cheng)本，對造成(cheng)(cheng)嚴(yan)重(zhong)后果的(de)要(yao)依(yi)法(fa)追(zhui)究(jiu)(jiu)責任。

　　合力保護人類共同的地球家園

　　地(di)球(qiu)是人類(lei)賴(lai)以(yi)生(sheng)(sheng)存的(de)唯一家園(yuan)，建設美麗家園(yuan)是人類(lei)的(de)共同(tong)(tong)夢想。生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環境(jing)關系(xi)各國人民的(de)福祉(zhi)，符合各國人民的(de)期盼(pan)。面對生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環境(jing)挑戰，人類(lei)是一榮(rong)俱榮(rong)、一損俱損的(de)命(ming)運(yun)共同(tong)(tong)體(ti)。生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文明(ming)建設對人類(lei)文明(ming)發展進步具有(you)十分重大(da)的(de)意義。習近(jin)平總(zong)書(shu)記(ji)指出(chu)：“二氧(yang)化碳(tan)排(pai)放力爭(zheng)于2030年前達(da)(da)到峰值，努力爭(zheng)取2060年前實現(xian)(xian)碳(tan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和。”這意味著中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國作(zuo)為世(shi)界上(shang)最大(da)的(de)發展中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國家，將完成全球(qiu)最高碳(tan)排(pai)放強(qiang)度降(jiang)幅(fu)，用全球(qiu)歷史上(shang)最短的(de)時間(jian)實現(xian)(xian)從(cong)碳(tan)達(da)(da)峰到碳(tan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和，體(ti)現(xian)(xian)了中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國基于推動構建人類(lei)命(ming)運(yun)共同(tong)(tong)體(ti)的(de)責任(ren)擔當。實現(xian)(xian)碳(tan)達(da)(da)峰、碳(tan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和是一場廣泛而深刻的(de)經(jing)濟社會系(xi)統(tong)性變革，要把碳(tan)達(da)(da)峰、碳(tan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和納入(ru)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文明(ming)建設總(zong)體(ti)布局(ju)。

　　生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文明建設(she)是(shi)構建人類命(ming)運共(gong)同(tong)體的(de)重要(yao)內容。面對全(quan)球(qiu)環境(jing)風險挑(tiao)戰，各(ge)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)是(shi)同(tong)舟(zhou)共(gong)濟的(de)命(ming)運共(gong)同(tong)體。中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)是(shi)負責(ze)任的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)中(zhong)大國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，是(shi)全(quan)球(qiu)環境(jing)治理的(de)積(ji)極參與者(zhe)。中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)堅(jian)持多(duo)邊主義，統(tong)籌國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)內國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)兩個大局，為(wei)(wei)達成應(ying)對氣(qi)候(hou)變化(hua)《巴(ba)黎協定》作出(chu)重要(yao)貢獻，也(ye)是(shi)落實《巴(ba)黎協定》的(de)積(ji)極踐行者(zhe)。聯合(he)(he)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)發(fa)布的(de)2030年可持續(xu)發(fa)展(zhan)議程為(wei)(wei)各(ge)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)發(fa)展(zhan)指(zhi)明了方向，中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)堅(jian)持共(gong)同(tong)但有區別的(de)責(ze)任原則(ze)，堅(jian)持公(gong)平公(gong)正惠益(yi)分享(xiang)，積(ji)極應(ying)對氣(qi)候(hou)變化(hua)等(deng)全(quan)球(qiu)性生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)挑(tiao)戰，切(qie)實履行氣(qi)候(hou)變化(hua)、生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)多(duo)樣性等(deng)環境(jing)相關條約義務，平衡推進2030年可持續(xu)發(fa)展(zhan)議程。中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)正在引領全(quan)球(qiu)環境(jing)治理，引導完善國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)治理體系和規則(ze)，通(tong)過“一帶(dai)一路(lu)(lu)”等(deng)多(duo)邊合(he)(he)作機制，攜手打造“綠色絲(si)綢之路(lu)(lu)”，努力(li)實現合(he)(he)作共(gong)贏，建設(she)清潔美麗世界，共(gong)創人類綠色福祉。（楊(yang)發(fa)庭）