實體書店的北京(jing)探索

　　想找自己喜歡的書(shu)，除了書(shu)評推(tui)薦，最好(hao)的辦法莫過(guo)于去書(shu)店。在開架展陳、觸(chu)手(shou)可及的圖(tu)書(shu)中，發現心動的領域(yu)。

　　但在新冠肺炎疫情(qing)、電商折扣售書(shu)的沖擊下，實體書(shu)店(dian)利潤微薄(bo)，甚至難(nan)以生存。

　　也在(zai)2020年，北京市卻以(yi)新(xin)開書(shu)店(dian)(dian)639家(jia)居全國(guo)榜首，特色(se)書(shu)店(dian)(dian)達200家(jia)，其中(zhong)最美書(shu)店(dian)(dian)17家(jia)，榮(rong)獲全國(guo)“書(shu)店(dian)(dian)之都”稱(cheng)號(hao)。為總(zong)結經(jing)驗，在(zai)新(xin)的發(fa)展階段有所(suo)突(tu)破，9月(yue)17日，北京市委宣傳(chuan)(chuan)部(bu)主辦(ban)(ban)、中(zhong)國(guo)新(xin)聞出版傳(chuan)(chuan)媒集團承辦(ban)(ban)實體書(shu)店(dian)(dian)論壇，探索實體書(shu)店(dian)(dian)新(xin)形態。

　　一個日本記者在他的《北京奇跡》中，將(jiang)在疫(yi)情中北京實體書店建設取得如此成(cheng)就，歸(gui)結為城市(shi)(shi)文化積淀、經濟、政治三方面的原因(yin)。全球有(you)文化、有(you)錢的城市(shi)(shi)不(bu)少，北京市(shi)(shi)能做得這么好，市(shi)(shi)委(wei)市(shi)(shi)政府(fu)的決心起了重(zhong)要作用。

　　的(de)確，去(qu)年春節，北京(jing)市(shi)委負責同志要求實體(ti)書(shu)店(dian)和超市(shi)、綜合商場一(yi)(yi)樣，不(bu)能(neng)關門。他說當一(yi)(yi)個人游走(zou)于北京(jing)街(jie)頭，看到書(shu)店(dian)還在營業(ye)，會得(de)到心靈的(de)撫(fu)慰(wei)。北京(jing)市(shi)區(qu)兩(liang)級財政對實體(ti)書(shu)店(dian)的(de)支(zhi)持(chi)力度超過改革開放(fang)40年的(de)總(zong)和。

　　一(yi)方(fang)面政府大力資(zi)助扶持，幫實體書(shu)(shu)店(dian)(dian)(dian)度過(guo)最困(kun)難的時期，讓其有余裕向不同方(fang)向探索；另一(yi)方(fang)面協調(diao)資(zi)源，推(tui)動書(shu)(shu)店(dian)(dian)(dian)與其他業態融合——72家書(shu)(shu)店(dian)(dian)(dian)進駐美團平臺，開(kai)啟外賣時代；與騰訊開(kai)展書(shu)(shu)店(dian)(dian)(dian)守望(wang)計劃，引導(dao)書(shu)(shu)店(dian)(dian)(dian)通過(guo)淘寶直(zhi)播等平臺精(jing)準推(tui)送內容和直(zhi)播帶(dai)貨，轉化銷售方(fang)式(shi)。

　　一(yi)批主體書(shu)店(dian)在向(xiang)市(shi)民文化、休閑中心轉變，一(yi)批專(zhuan)業書(shu)店(dian)在向(xiang)知(zhi)識分享中心邁進，一(yi)批新興書(shu)店(dian)結合5G、物聯網等新型技術在向(xiang)智(zhi)慧書(shu)城和數(shu)字化體驗館邁進。截至今年6月，北(bei)京市(shi)共有(you)2055家實(shi)(shi)體書(shu)店(dian)，萬(wan)人擁有(you)實(shi)(shi)體書(shu)店(dian)數(shu)量超過0.8個，市(shi)民隨時隨地都能與(yu)書(shu)相遇。

　　論(lun)壇上，專家學者(zhe)(zhe)集思廣益、獻(xian)計獻(xian)策。中(zhong)國(guo)編輯(ji)(ji)學會(hui)會(hui)長郝振(zhen)省提出(chu)，圖書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)編輯(ji)(ji)在(zai)做書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、賣書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)方(fang)面應(ying)充分(fen)借助實體(ti)(ti)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。可考(kao)慮將實體(ti)(ti)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)作為(wei)全(quan)民閱讀(du)的(de)驛站(zhan)，讓閱讀(du)推廣人(ren)成為(wei)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)標配。韜奮基金(jin)會(hui)理(li)事長聶(nie)震寧說，書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)要增(zeng)加編輯(ji)(ji)力(li)，以適當方(fang)式展陳，讓讀(du)者(zhe)(zhe)盡(jin)快(kuai)找(zhao)到(dao)需要的(de)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)；增(zeng)強科技力(li)，如(ru)(ru)(ru)天津一(yi)家書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)以觸(chu)摸屏選書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)，大(da)大(da)減(jian)少(shao)人(ren)工成本(ben)(ben)。《文藝(yi)報(bao)》總編輯(ji)(ji)梁鴻鷹建議開辦更(geng)多個性(xing)(xing)化書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，如(ru)(ru)(ru)讓小(xiao)男孩(hai)見識火炮、刀劍的(de)男子漢書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，有關救火、急救的(de)應(ying)急書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，再如(ru)(ru)(ru)醫(yi)療(liao)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、動物書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、鳥類書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)等(deng)。需要增(zeng)進全(quan)民的(de)“書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)意識”，讓更(geng)多人(ren)看到(dao)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所蘊藏的(de)可能性(xing)(xing)。（本(ben)(ben)報(bao)記者(zhe)(zhe) 張稚丹）