寸(cun)土寸(cun)金(jin)關乎國計(ji)，一壟一畝承(cheng)載民生(sheng)(sheng)。耕地(di)(di)(di)是(shi)(shi)糧食(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)產的命根子，18億畝耕地(di)(di)(di)紅線，是(shi)(shi)“中(zhong)國飯碗”最堅實(shi)的底座；節約(yue)集(ji)約(yue)，是(shi)(shi)破解“人(ren)多地(di)(di)(di)少(shao)”約(yue)束的鑰匙；在高樓林立的城市(shi)與(yu)阡陌縱橫的田野間實(shi)現人(ren)地(di)(di)(di)和諧，是(shi)(shi)人(ren)與(yu)自然和諧共生(sheng)(sheng)的現代化的詩意(yi)表達。“十四五”以來(lai)，我國土地(di)(di)(di)資源利用水(shui)平(ping)穩步提(ti)升(sheng)，單位國內生(sheng)(sheng)產總值(zhi)建(jian)設用地(di)(di)(di)使用面(mian)積持(chi)續下降，耕地(di)(di)(di)紅線牢(lao)牢(lao)守住，生(sheng)(sheng)態系(xi)統質量和穩定性持(chi)續提(ti)升(sheng)。

　　以敬畏之心(xin)守護(hu)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)。耕(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)是糧食(shi)生產的(de)(de)(de)命根子(zi)，是中華(hua)民(min)族永(yong)續(xu)發展的(de)(de)(de)根基。各(ge)地(di)(di)(di)各(ge)部(bu)門要(yao)把(ba)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)保護(hu)放在重要(yao)位置(zhi)，要(yao)創新機制(zhi)(zhi)體制(zhi)(zhi)，守護(hu)好每一(yi)(yi)(yi)寸沃土。“田長制(zhi)(zhi)”在廣(guang)袤鄉村織就一(yi)(yi)(yi)張“橫向(xiang)到(dao)邊、縱向(xiang)到(dao)底”的(de)(de)(de)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)保護(hu)責(ze)任網。從省級總(zong)田長，到(dao)市、縣、鄉、村各(ge)級田長，一(yi)(yi)(yi)級抓一(yi)(yi)(yi)級，層層抓落實(shi)，把(ba)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)保護(hu)的(de)(de)(de)責(ze)任，真正壓實(shi)到(dao)了具(ju)體的(de)(de)(de)田間(jian)、地(di)(di)(di)塊和(he)個(ge)人。據初(chu)步統計，已有29個(ge)省份積極探(tan)索建立“田長制(zhi)(zhi)”，推動全(quan)社會形(xing)成齊(qi)抓共管(guan)、保護(hu)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)良好局面。各(ge)地(di)(di)(di)拿(na)出“長牙齒”的(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)(zhi)度，開展耕(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)保護(hu)督察和(he)嚴格執法，對違法占用耕(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)行為“零容忍”。當前，相關(guan)部(bu)門正加快構(gou)建耕(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)保護(hu)“一(yi)(yi)(yi)張圖”管(guan)理(li)體系，通過落地(di)(di)(di)上(shang)圖、以圖管(guan)地(di)(di)(di)，推動耕(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)保護(hu)向(xiang)數(shu)智化轉(zhuan)型；強化占補(bu)平衡(heng)管(guan)理(li)，明確占補(bu)平衡(heng)空間(jian)，拓展補(bu)充耕(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)來(lai)源，確保耕(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)補(bu)足補(bu)優，嚴防占多補(bu)少、占優補(bu)劣、弄虛作假。

　　以創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)之舉節(jie)約(yue)用(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)。在(zai)保護耕地(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)基礎上，各(ge)地(di)(di)(di)(di)各(ge)部門更(geng)要開源節(jie)流，在(zai)大膽創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)中探索節(jie)地(di)(di)(di)(di)模式(shi)。面對土地(di)(di)(di)(di)開發(fa)(fa)強度接(jie)近極限的(de)(de)現(xian)實(shi)，為了推(tui)動經濟發(fa)(fa)展，一些地(di)(di)(di)(di)方(fang)向(xiang)“存(cun)量”要“增量”，向(xiang)“高度”要“效益”，而(er)“工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)上樓”成為一破解(jie)發(fa)(fa)展瓶頸(jing)的(de)(de)“金(jin)鑰匙(chi)”。一棟棟多(duo)(duo)(duo)層(ceng)“摩天工(gong)(gong)廠”拔地(di)(di)(di)(di)而(er)起(qi)，高新(xin)技術企(qi)業(ye)(ye)在(zai)這些“立起(qi)來的(de)(de)園(yuan)區”里，共享著先進的(de)(de)生產設施(shi)和(he)研發(fa)(fa)平臺(tai)。通過“工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)上樓”不僅為地(di)(di)(di)(di)方(fang)產業(ye)(ye)升級拓(tuo)展了新(xin)空間(jian)，更(geng)守(shou)住了寶貴的(de)(de)生態用(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)和(he)農業(ye)(ye)用(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)。從(cong)全國來看，通過推(tui)廣(guang)多(duo)(duo)(duo)層(ceng)廠房(fang)、立體開發(fa)(fa)等節(jie)地(di)(di)(di)(di)技術和(he)模式(shi)，全國單位GDP建設用(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)使用(yong)(yong)面積相比10年前下降了約(yue)45%。15個(ge)省（市(shi)）的(de)(de)43個(ge)城(cheng)市(shi)（區）開展低效用(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)再開發(fa)(fa)試點，實(shi)施(shi)再開發(fa)(fa)156.38萬畝(mu)，實(shi)現(xian)土地(di)(di)(di)(di)集(ji)(ji)約(yue)利用(yong)(yong)、人(ren)居環境(jing)提升、產業(ye)(ye)結構優(you)化、拉動有效投資(zi)等多(duo)(duo)(duo)重效果(guo)；推(tui)廣(guang)84個(ge)節(jie)地(di)(di)(di)(di)技術和(he)節(jie)地(di)(di)(di)(di)模式(shi)典型案例，探索出多(duo)(duo)(duo)種(zhong)多(duo)(duo)(duo)樣的(de)(de)土地(di)(di)(di)(di)節(jie)約(yue)集(ji)(ji)約(yue)利用(yong)(yong)新(xin)路徑。

　　以科學之策用(yong)(yong)(yong)好土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)。保(bao)護耕(geng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)，節(jie)(jie)約(yue)(yue)用(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)，終歸到底是要(yao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)好耕(geng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)。各地(di)(di)(di)(di)在農(nong)(nong)業生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)中通過(guo)(guo)(guo)農(nong)(nong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)整理(li)、建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)用(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)整理(li)和生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)保(bao)護修復，走出了一條節(jie)(jie)約(yue)(yue)用(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)新路子。通過(guo)(guo)(guo)打(da)造“萬(wan)畝千方”農(nong)(nong)業集(ji)聚，建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)高標(biao)準(zhun)農(nong)(nong)田、實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)墾造耕(geng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)、恢復耕(geng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)功能(neng)等，提(ti)升了畝均(jun)效(xiao)益。通過(guo)(guo)(guo)盤活(huo)低(di)效(xiao)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)用(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)，實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)用(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)復墾，完成工業用(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)騰退，土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)集(ji)約(yue)(yue)度提(ti)升，推動(dong)鄉(xiang)村旅游發展，盤活(huo)集(ji)體(ti)存量建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)用(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)。通過(guo)(guo)(guo)創新農(nong)(nong)田生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)保(bao)護修復工程措施(shi)(shi)，減少(shao)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)溝渠攔截面源(yuan)污(wu)染，提(ti)升節(jie)(jie)水(shui)灌溉(gai)系統節(jie)(jie)能(neng)，繪就美麗(li)鄉(xiang)村圖(tu)景。通過(guo)(guo)(guo)統籌(chou)農(nong)(nong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)、建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)用(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)和生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)空間(jian)，實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)現耕(geng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)數量、質量、生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)“三(san)位(wei)一體(ti)”保(bao)護，促進生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)、生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)、生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)“三(san)生(sheng)(sheng)空間(jian)”融合，提(ti)升“田更(geng)優(you)、村更(geng)美、民更(geng)富”的(de)綜合效(xiao)益。各地(di)(di)(di)(di)要(yao)堅持節(jie)(jie)約(yue)(yue)集(ji)約(yue)(yue)、推動(dong)系統治理(li)，服務建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)人與自(zi)然和諧共生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)現代化，讓山清水(shui)秀(xiu)、林茂田肥(fei)、湖美草(cao)綠(lv)的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)命共同體(ti)更(geng)加生(sheng)(sheng)機勃勃，為實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)現中華民族的(de)永續發展筑(zhu)牢堅實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)根基。（張繼(ji)）