重慶市(shi)綦江區近年來探索“短視(shi)(shi)頻(pin)+”“直播+”模式，培育“鄉村(cun)創作者(zhe)”，讓短視(shi)(shi)頻(pin)成為助力鄉村(cun)發展的動力。圖為4月24日，在該區三角(jiao)鎮中壩村(cun)，“村(cun)書記(ji)”主播團和村(cun)民一起推(tui)介鄉村(cun)土特產(chan)。新華社發

　　中共中央、國務院(yuan)近(jin)日印發的《加快建設農業強(qiang)國規劃(hua)（2024—2035年）》要求(qiu)，加強(qiang)涉(she)農干部(bu)培訓，提高“三農”工作本(ben)領，打(da)造一(yi)支政治過硬、適應(ying)新時代要求(qiu)、具有服務農業強(qiang)國建設能力的“三農”干部(bu)隊伍。

　　推動鄉村(cun)全面振興，關(guan)鍵(jian)靠(kao)人。廣大“三農”干部(bu)只(zhi)有做到(dao)政治過硬、本(ben)領(ling)過硬、作風過硬，才能擔當起推動鄉村(cun)全面振興的(de)使命任務。圍繞黨員干部(bu)如何提高“三農”工作本(ben)領(ling)，記者采訪了中國農業大學(xue)馬克(ke)思主義學(xue)院(yuan)院(yuan)長(chang)張暉。

　　要懂農業、愛農村(cun)、愛農民(min)

　　記(ji)者：新時(shi)代以來，習近平總書記(ji)對“三農”工作(zuo)高度重視(shi)，發表了一(yi)系列重要講話，作(zuo)出(chu)了一(yi)系列重要指示批示，要求“培養造就一(yi)支(zhi)懂農業、愛(ai)農村、愛(ai)農民的(de)‘三農’工作(zuo)隊(dui)伍”。如何(he)理解(jie)“懂農業、愛(ai)農村、愛(ai)農民”之(zhi)于“三農”工作(zuo)的(de)重要意義？

　　張暉(hui)：農(nong)(nong)業農(nong)(nong)村(cun)農(nong)(nong)民(min)問(wen)題是關系(xi)國計民(min)生(sheng)的根本性問(wen)題。進入新(xin)時(shi)代(dai)，做(zuo)好“三農(nong)(nong)”工(gong)作(zuo)對(dui)“三農(nong)(nong)”干部隊伍建設提(ti)出了(le)更高要求(qiu)。“懂(dong)農(nong)(nong)業、愛農(nong)(nong)村(cun)、愛農(nong)(nong)民(min)”這九個(ge)字，既飽(bao)含(han)了(le)習(xi)近平總書記對(dui)農(nong)(nong)業農(nong)(nong)村(cun)農(nong)(nong)民(min)的深厚感情，又體現(xian)了(le)對(dui)做(zuo)好“三農(nong)(nong)”工(gong)作(zuo)內在規律(lv)的深刻認識，是新(xin)時(shi)代(dai)培養打造“三農(nong)(nong)”干部隊伍的重要遵循。

　　“我(wo)在黃土地(di)上生根、發芽，在紅土地(di)上成長(chang)、發展(zhan)。”習近(jin)平總書(shu)記年輕時在陜西(xi)省延川縣文安驛公社(she)梁家河大隊(dui)插隊(dui)，擔任大隊(dui)黨(dang)支部書(shu)記，后來又在多個地(di)方領導(dao)崗位上分管過農(nong)業(ye)，以(yi)自身的實際行動踐行和詮釋了“懂農(nong)業(ye)、愛農(nong)村、愛農(nong)民(min)”。

　　懂(dong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)，就是要(yao)掌(zhang)握現代(dai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)規律，了解我(wo)(wo)國的(de)(de)基本國情(qing)、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)情(qing)，懂(dong)得農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)規律特(te)征、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)科技和農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)經(jing)營(ying)管(guan)理等(deng)。習近平(ping)同志在(zai)河北省正定縣(xian)工作期(qi)間，針對正定縣(xian)“高產(chan)(chan)(chan)窮縣(xian)”、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民收入低問題，強調“絕不能(neng)光(guang)(guang)講(jiang)(jiang)糧(liang)食生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)、光(guang)(guang)講(jiang)(jiang)高產(chan)(chan)(chan)糧(liang)，不講(jiang)(jiang)經(jing)濟(ji)效益”，帶領全縣(xian)調整農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)結構(gou)、擴大經(jing)濟(ji)作物種植面(mian)積，大力發(fa)展(zhan)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)工商綜合經(jing)營(ying)，積極探(tan)索讓(rang)群眾生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活好起(qi)來、富(fu)起(qi)來的(de)(de)路(lu)子；針對農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)結構(gou)單一(yi)、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)和農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)經(jing)濟(ji)效益不高等(deng)問題，強調“農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)和農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)經(jing)濟(ji)健康(kang)發(fa)展(zhan)必須走農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)林牧副漁全面(mian)發(fa)展(zhan)和農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)工商綜合經(jing)營(ying)的(de)(de)道路(lu)”，正定縣(xian)不斷強化“大農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)”理念，全力打造“產(chan)(chan)(chan)加銷游(you)”全產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)鏈農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)一(yi)二三(san)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)融合水平(ping)顯著提升(sheng)。當前，我(wo)(wo)國農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)已(yi)進(jin)入高質量發(fa)展(zhan)新階段，更要(yao)廣泛吸引真正懂(dong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)“土專(zhuan)家”“田秀(xiu)才”“鄉創客”等(deng)新農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)人在(zai)鄉村(cun)振興中建功立業(ye)(ye)，切(qie)實推動(dong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)提質增效。

　　愛農(nong)(nong)村(cun)，不僅是(shi)對(dui)(dui)鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)的(de)一種情感認同，更(geng)是(shi)對(dui)(dui)鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)的(de)一份責(ze)任擔當(dang)(dang)；不僅意(yi)味(wei)著(zhu)要對(dui)(dui)鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)文化、生態環境等予以(yi)(yi)尊重和(he)保護，更(geng)意(yi)味(wei)著(zhu)能夠撲下(xia)身子扎進(jin)鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)，以(yi)(yi)實(shi)(shi)際行(xing)動(dong)為鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)謀(mou)振興。從梁家河一路走來，習(xi)近平(ping)總(zong)書(shu)記(ji)心里(li)始終惦念著(zhu)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)、牽掛著(zhu)農(nong)(nong)民(min)。在福(fu)建工(gong)(gong)作期間，習(xi)近平(ping)同志提出“滴(di)水穿石”“弱鳥先(xian)(xian)飛”的(de)扶(fu)貧(pin)開發(fa)(fa)精神(shen)，在全(quan)國率先(xian)(xian)組織實(shi)(shi)施扶(fu)貧(pin)搬遷“造(zao)福(fu)工(gong)(gong)程”；組織推(tui)(tui)動(dong)山海協作、閩寧(ning)對(dui)(dui)口幫扶(fu)，促進(jin)沿海與山區、東部(bu)(bu)與西部(bu)(bu)經(jing)濟社會協調發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)；總(zong)結提升南平(ping)選(xuan)派干(gan)部(bu)(bu)駐村(cun)的(de)經(jing)驗，強調“開創農(nong)(nong)業和(he)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)新局面，必須(xu)在繼承(cheng)的(de)基(ji)礎上(shang)創新農(nong)(nong)村(cun)工(gong)(gong)作機制”；推(tui)(tui)動(dong)集體(ti)林權制度改革從山下(xia)轉向山上(shang)，讓老百姓(xing)真正受益(yi)……他以(yi)(yi)長遠(yuan)眼(yan)光對(dui)(dui)加快推(tui)(tui)動(dong)福(fu)建“三農(nong)(nong)”發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)進(jin)行(xing)戰略(lve)(lve)思考，形(xing)成了(le)許多深遠(yuan)的(de)戰略(lve)(lve)擘畫，并以(yi)(yi)咬定青山不放松的(de)戰略(lve)(lve)定力扎實(shi)(shi)推(tui)(tui)進(jin)各項工(gong)(gong)作。這種功(gong)成不必在我(wo)的(de)精神(shen)境界(jie)和(he)功(gong)成必定有我(wo)的(de)歷(li)史擔當(dang)(dang)，正是(shi)愛農(nong)(nong)村(cun)的(de)生動(dong)體(ti)現(xian)。

　　愛農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)，就是(shi)要尊重農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)主體地(di)位，傾聽農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)聲音(yin)，維護(hu)和(he)保障農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)利益(yi)，提升農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)福(fu)祉(zhi)，促進(jin)農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)全(quan)面發(fa)(fa)展。習近平總(zong)書記(ji)始終(zhong)把老(lao)百姓的(de)(de)冷(leng)暖放在(zai)(zai)心上，反復(fu)強調“要解決好人的(de)(de)問題，通過富裕農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)、提高農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)、扶(fu)持農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)，讓(rang)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業經(jing)營有效益(yi)，讓(rang)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業成為(wei)(wei)有奔頭的(de)(de)產業，讓(rang)農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)成為(wei)(wei)體面的(de)(de)職業，讓(rang)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村成為(wei)(wei)安居樂(le)業的(de)(de)美麗家園”。在(zai)(zai)陜(shan)北時(shi)，他就帶(dai)領村民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)修沼氣池、淤地(di)壩，打井解決飲水困難。在(zai)(zai)福(fu)建，他走遍了八(ba)閩(min)大地(di)的(de)(de)山山水水，留下(xia)(xia)三進(jin)下(xia)(xia)黨、四(si)下(xia)(xia)基(ji)層等故事。2015年(nian)，習近平總(zong)書記(ji)在(zai)(zai)一次演講中(zhong)深情提到：“25年(nian)前，我(wo)(wo)在(zai)(zai)中(zhong)國福(fu)建省寧德地(di)區(qu)工(gong)作(zuo)，我(wo)(wo)記(ji)住了中(zhong)國古人的(de)(de)一句話：‘善為(wei)(wei)國者，遇民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)如(ru)父母(mu)之(zhi)愛子，兄之(zhi)愛弟，聞其(qi)(qi)饑寒為(wei)(wei)之(zhi)哀(ai)，見其(qi)(qi)勞苦為(wei)(wei)之(zhi)悲。’至今，這(zhe)句話依然在(zai)(zai)我(wo)(wo)心中(zhong)。”習近平總(zong)書記(ji)對(dui)農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)的(de)(de)愛，體現在(zai)(zai)從解決溫(wen)飽到追求美好生活的(de)(de)持續奮斗中(zhong)，其(qi)(qi)核心始終(zhong)是(shi)“把維護(hu)廣大農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)根(gen)本利益(yi)、促進(jin)廣大農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)共同富裕作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)出發(fa)(fa)點和(he)落(luo)腳點”。這(zhe)也是(shi)“三農(nong)(nong)(nong)”干部隊伍走好群(qun)眾路(lu)線、贏(ying)得民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)心，激(ji)發(fa)(fa)和(he)調動農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)群(qun)眾的(de)(de)積極性、主動性和(he)創造性，形成推動鄉村全(quan)面振興強大合(he)力的(de)(de)關(guan)鍵所(suo)在(zai)(zai)。

　　運用科學思(si)維方法做好“三農(nong)”工作

　　記(ji)者：習(xi)近平總書記(ji)關于(yu)“三農”工作的重要論述科學回答(da)了一系列(lie)重大理論和(he)實(shi)踐問(wen)題(ti)，其中貫穿了哪些科學思維方(fang)法，對我們做好“三農”工作帶來哪些啟示？

　　張暉(hui)：黨的(de)(de)十八大以來，習(xi)近平總書記(ji)(ji)就(jiu)做好“三農(nong)”工作(zuo)發表一系(xi)列重(zhong)要論述，科學(xue)回答了農(nong)村(cun)(cun)改革發展的(de)(de)諸多重(zhong)大理(li)論和實踐(jian)問題，指引農(nong)業(ye)農(nong)村(cun)(cun)發展取得歷(li)史(shi)性成就(jiu)、發生(sheng)歷(li)史(shi)性變革。習(xi)近平總書記(ji)(ji)關于(yu)“三農(nong)”工作(zuo)的(de)(de)重(zhong)要論述，不僅有著深(shen)刻的(de)(de)思(si)想內涵、鮮明的(de)(de)價值理(li)念(nian)，而且蘊含著科學(xue)的(de)(de)思(si)維(wei)方法(fa)。我們要深(shen)入學(xue)習(xi)其中蘊含的(de)(de)戰略(lve)思(si)維(wei)、歷(li)史(shi)思(si)維(wei)、辯證思(si)維(wei)、創新(xin)思(si)維(wei)、底線思(si)維(wei)，將學(xue)習(xi)成效(xiao)轉(zhuan)化為(wei)推動工作(zuo)的(de)(de)生(sheng)動實踐(jian)。

　　要(yao)運用戰略(lve)思(si)維(wei)定方(fang)(fang)向，把握(wo)“兩個大(da)(da)局(ju)(ju)”的(de)(de)歷史方(fang)(fang)位。習(xi)近平(ping)總(zong)書記強(qiang)(qiang)調：“沒有農(nong)業(ye)(ye)強(qiang)(qiang)國(guo)就(jiu)沒有整個現(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)強(qiang)(qiang)國(guo)；沒有農(nong)業(ye)(ye)農(nong)村(cun)現(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)，社會主義現(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)就(jiu)是不全(quan)(quan)面的(de)(de)。”從(cong)中華民族(zu)偉大(da)(da)復興(xing)(xing)(xing)戰略(lve)全(quan)(quan)局(ju)(ju)看(kan)，民族(zu)要(yao)復興(xing)(xing)(xing)，鄉村(cun)必振興(xing)(xing)(xing)；從(cong)世界(jie)百年未(wei)有之(zhi)大(da)(da)變(bian)(bian)局(ju)(ju)看(kan)，穩住農(nong)業(ye)(ye)基(ji)本盤、守好“三(san)(san)農(nong)”基(ji)礎是應變(bian)(bian)局(ju)(ju)、開新局(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)“壓艙(cang)石”。當今世界(jie)主要(yao)的(de)(de)現(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)強(qiang)(qiang)國(guo)無不是以(yi)強(qiang)(qiang)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)現(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)作(zuo)為支撐，農(nong)業(ye)(ye)強(qiang)(qiang)國(guo)建(jian)設(she)的(de)(de)質量(liang)決(jue)定了我國(guo)社會主義現(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)強(qiang)(qiang)國(guo)建(jian)設(she)的(de)(de)質量(liang)和成色。學習(xi)應用戰略(lve)思(si)維(wei)，須立足全(quan)(quan)局(ju)(ju)謀一域，把握(wo)長遠定方(fang)(fang)向，跳出(chu)“三(san)(san)農(nong)”看(kan)“三(san)(san)農(nong)”，從(cong)中華民族(zu)偉大(da)(da)復興(xing)(xing)(xing)戰略(lve)全(quan)(quan)局(ju)(ju)和世界(jie)百年未(wei)有之(zhi)大(da)(da)變(bian)(bian)局(ju)(ju)出(chu)發(fa)，準(zhun)確把握(wo)“三(san)(san)農(nong)”工作(zuo)新的(de)(de)歷史方(fang)(fang)位，把加快建(jian)設(she)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)強(qiang)(qiang)國(guo)作(zuo)為統(tong)領(ling)“三(san)(san)農(nong)”工作(zuo)的(de)(de)戰略(lve)總(zong)綱，擺上建(jian)設(she)社會主義現(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)強(qiang)(qiang)國(guo)的(de)(de)重要(yao)位置，引(yin)領(ling)和推(tui)進(jin)新時代(dai)(dai)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)農(nong)村(cun)現(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)事業(ye)(ye)高質量(liang)發(fa)展。

　　要以(yi)歷(li)史(shi)思維(wei)明規(gui)律(lv)(lv)，賡(geng)續農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)耕文(wen)(wen)明的(de)(de)(de)根脈傳(chuan)承。習近平總(zong)書記指出(chu)：“我(wo)們(men)(men)要堅持用大歷(li)史(shi)觀來看待農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)問題(ti)。”要從(cong)歷(li)史(shi)縱深中(zhong)把(ba)握(wo)“三(san)(san)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)”工(gong)(gong)作的(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)方(fang)位(wei)。從(cong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)耕文(wen)(wen)明到數字文(wen)(wen)明，我(wo)國(guo)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)經歷(li)了從(cong)“鄉(xiang)土(tu)中(zhong)國(guo)”到“城鄉(xiang)中(zhong)國(guo)”的(de)(de)(de)深刻轉型，要從(cong)文(wen)(wen)明傳(chuan)承中(zhong)汲(ji)取智慧(hui)。農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)耕文(wen)(wen)明是中(zhong)華民(min)族的(de)(de)(de)根脈，要保護好(hao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)遺產(chan)，弘(hong)揚傳(chuan)統治理智慧(hui)，創新表達(da)方(fang)式，讓古(gu)老農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)耕文(wen)(wen)明在新時(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)煥發生機。要從(cong)歷(li)史(shi)實(shi)踐中(zhong)總(zong)結“三(san)(san)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)”發展規(gui)律(lv)(lv)。我(wo)國(guo)“三(san)(san)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)”政策(ce)變遷告訴我(wo)們(men)(men)，土(tu)地制度變革是核心動力，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)主體地位(wei)是根本(ben)保障，循序漸進是方(fang)法(fa)論準則。新時(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)“三(san)(san)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)”工(gong)(gong)作者應以(yi)歷(li)史(shi)思維(wei)洞察規(gui)律(lv)(lv)、把(ba)握(wo)方(fang)向(xiang)、破(po)解難題(ti)，才能將農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)現(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)“大寫意”轉化(hua)(hua)為鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)振興的(de)(de)(de)“工(gong)(gong)筆畫(hua)”。

　　要(yao)(yao)運用(yong)辯證思維解(jie)難(nan)題，統籌城(cheng)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)融合發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)。能否(fou)處理好城(cheng)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)系(xi)，關(guan)乎社(she)會(hui)(hui)主(zhu)義現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)化(hua)建(jian)設(she)全局。習近平(ping)總書(shu)記指出：“推(tui)進城(cheng)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)一(yi)體化(hua)要(yao)(yao)堅持從國(guo)情(qing)出發(fa)(fa)(fa)，從我國(guo)城(cheng)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)平(ping)衡不(bu)(bu)(bu)協調和二元結構(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現(xian)(xian)(xian)實出發(fa)(fa)(fa)，從我國(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自然稟(bing)賦(fu)、歷史文化(hua)傳統、制(zhi)度體制(zhi)出發(fa)(fa)(fa)，既要(yao)(yao)遵(zun)循普(pu)遍規律(lv)、又不(bu)(bu)(bu)能墨(mo)守成規，既要(yao)(yao)借鑒國(guo)際(ji)先(xian)進經(jing)驗、又不(bu)(bu)(bu)能照抄照搬(ban)”，“城(cheng)鎮和鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)是(shi)互(hu)(hu)促(cu)互(hu)(hu)進、共生共存(cun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)”。做(zuo)好“三農”工(gong)作，不(bu)(bu)(bu)能僅(jin)僅(jin)局限于(yu)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)內(nei)部，而(er)應將(jiang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)置于(yu)城(cheng)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)一(yi)體化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大格局中(zhong)(zhong)統籌謀(mou)劃。城(cheng)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)系(xi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)一(yi)成不(bu)(bu)(bu)變的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，而(er)是(shi)隨著經(jing)濟社(she)會(hui)(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)而(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)斷演(yan)變。要(yao)(yao)根(gen)據城(cheng)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)階段性特征，動(dong)態調整(zheng)(zheng)城(cheng)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)政(zheng)策，在(zai)對立中(zhong)(zhong)把握統一(yi)，在(zai)動(dong)態中(zhong)(zhong)尋求平(ping)衡，在(zai)整(zheng)(zheng)體中(zhong)(zhong)謀(mou)劃發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)，既要(yao)(yao)防治“城(cheng)市病(bing)”，也要(yao)(yao)避(bi)免鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)衰敗，推(tui)動(dong)城(cheng)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)融合發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)，實現(xian)(xian)(xian)優(you)勢互(hu)(hu)補，為(wei)社(she)會(hui)(hui)主(zhu)義現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)化(hua)強國(guo)建(jian)設(she)奠定堅實基礎。

　　要(yao)立(li)足創新(xin)思維(wei)破困局，激(ji)活內生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)發(fa)展(zhan)新(xin)動(dong)能。習近(jin)平總書記強(qiang)調：“要(yao)在堅持農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村土地集體(ti)(ti)所(suo)有的前提下，促使承包(bao)權(quan)(quan)(quan)和(he)經營(ying)(ying)權(quan)(quan)(quan)分(fen)離，形(xing)成所(suo)有權(quan)(quan)(quan)、承包(bao)權(quan)(quan)(quan)、經營(ying)(ying)權(quan)(quan)(quan)三(san)權(quan)(quan)(quan)分(fen)置、經營(ying)(ying)權(quan)(quan)(quan)流轉(zhuan)的格局”，“要(yao)適(shi)應(ying)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)由總量不足轉(zhuan)變為(wei)(wei)結構性(xing)矛盾的階(jie)段(duan)性(xing)變化，創新(xin)體(ti)(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)機制(zhi)(zhi)，推(tui)進科技(ji)進步，優化農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)、經營(ying)(ying)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)，加快實(shi)現農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)向(xiang)提質增效(xiao)(xiao)、可持續發(fa)展(zhan)轉(zhuan)變”……這(zhe)些(xie)重要(yao)論述閃耀著創新(xin)思維(wei)的思想光芒。學習和(he)運用創新(xin)思維(wei)，要(yao)突破傳統(tong)思維(wei)定(ding)式，適(shi)應(ying)“三(san)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)”發(fa)展(zhan)的新(xin)階(jie)段(duan)特征，開拓工作思路(lu)，創新(xin)體(ti)(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)機制(zhi)(zhi)，以科技(ji)為(wei)(wei)支撐，以改革為(wei)(wei)動(dong)力(li)(li)，以市(shi)場為(wei)(wei)導(dao)向(xiang)，大(da)力(li)(li)發(fa)展(zhan)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)新(xin)質生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)力(li)(li)，推(tui)動(dong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)從(cong)(cong)傳統(tong)向(xiang)現代轉(zhuan)變，從(cong)(cong)粗放向(xiang)集約轉(zhuan)變，從(cong)(cong)低效(xiao)(xiao)向(xiang)高效(xiao)(xiao)轉(zhuan)變，為(wei)(wei)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)強(qiang)國建設注入(ru)強(qiang)大(da)動(dong)力(li)(li)。

　　要(yao)以底線(xian)思(si)維(wei)守(shou)紅線(xian)，夯實農(nong)(nong)業(ye)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)發展(zhan)(zhan)根(gen)基。習近平總(zong)書記(ji)關于“必須把飯碗牢(lao)牢(lao)端在自(zi)己手上”“牢(lao)牢(lao)守(shou)住十八億畝耕地紅線(xian)”等重(zhong)要(yao)論述，充(chong)分體現了(le)我們黨對做好(hao)“三農(nong)(nong)”工(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)清醒(xing)認(ren)(ren)知(zhi)和居安思(si)危的(de)(de)憂患意識。運用底線(xian)思(si)維(wei)做好(hao)“三農(nong)(nong)”工(gong)作(zuo)，要(yao)準確把握“三農(nong)(nong)”工(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)新形勢新方位新要(yao)求，清醒(xing)認(ren)(ren)識到依靠國(guo)(guo)內糧(liang)食(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)產體系是保障糧(liang)食(shi)安全的(de)(de)根(gen)基所(suo)在，持續增(zeng)強糧(liang)食(shi)等重(zhong)要(yao)農(nong)(nong)產品供給保障能力(li)是我國(guo)(guo)經(jing)濟社會高質量發展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)底線(xian)，要(yao)牢(lao)固樹立以糧(liang)食(shi)安全為(wei)底線(xian)，以耕地保護為(wei)紅線(xian)，以生(sheng)(sheng)態安全為(wei)防線(xian)的(de)(de)理念，有力(li)有效地推進(jin)中央“三農(nong)(nong)”工(gong)作(zuo)決策(ce)部署落(luo)地落(luo)實，切實發揮好(hao)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)“基本盤”和“壓艙(cang)石(shi)”作(zuo)用，確保農(nong)(nong)業(ye)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)發展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)根(gen)基穩(wen)固，為(wei)鄉村(cun)振興提供堅(jian)實保障。

　　善于到田(tian)間地頭找方法、尋答案

　　記者：面對新(xin)時代、新(xin)形勢(shi)、新(xin)要求，做(zuo)好(hao)“三農”工作，應(ying)當著重把握(wo)哪些(xie)思想(xiang)方法(fa)和工作方法(fa)？黨員干部應(ying)如何提(ti)升“三農”工作本領？

　　張(zhang)暉：當前，“三農”工(gong)(gong)作面臨許(xu)多新(xin)(xin)情(qing)況、新(xin)(xin)問題，需要不斷創新(xin)(xin)工(gong)(gong)作方(fang)法。

　　一是深入(ru)調(diao)研，摸清(qing)農(nong)(nong)(nong)情。“三(san)農(nong)(nong)(nong)”工作涉及面廣、情況(kuang)復(fu)雜，必須堅持深入(ru)基層、深入(ru)群眾，開展(zhan)扎(zha)實(shi)的(de)調(diao)查(cha)研究。“三(san)農(nong)(nong)(nong)”領導干部要善于到田間地頭找方(fang)法、尋(xun)答(da)案(an)，多走一走、看一看，了解農(nong)(nong)(nong)情、社情、民(min)情，從農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)生(sheng)產(chan)生(sheng)活的(de)瑣碎“小事”中，找到“三(san)農(nong)(nong)(nong)”工作的(de)具體(ti)方(fang)向，制定具有(you)針對性(xing)、有(you)效性(xing)的(de)政策措施，避免閉門造(zao)車和“一刀(dao)切”。

　　二是系統(tong)(tong)(tong)謀劃，統(tong)(tong)(tong)籌推(tui)進。“三農(nong)(nong)”工(gong)作是一項系統(tong)(tong)(tong)工(gong)程，涉及產業、人才(cai)、文化、生態(tai)、組織等多個方面。“三農(nong)(nong)”領導干(gan)部要樹立系統(tong)(tong)(tong)思維，將“三農(nong)(nong)”工(gong)作置(zhi)于鄉村全面振興的大(da)局中統(tong)(tong)(tong)籌謀劃，注重(zhong)各要素之間的協同配(pei)合。

　　三(san)是因地制宜，精準施策(ce)。“三(san)農”工(gong)作既要(yao)整體推進，也要(yao)注重精準施策(ce)。“三(san)農”領導干部(bu)要(yao)善(shan)于(yu)抓(zhua)住(zhu)主要(yao)矛盾(dun)和矛盾(dun)的(de)(de)主要(yao)方面，根(gen)據不(bu)同(tong)地區、不(bu)同(tong)群體的(de)(de)特點，有力(li)有效地推進工(gong)作。

　　四是創新(xin)驅(qu)動，激發活力。只有通過創新(xin)，才能找(zhao)到解決(jue)“三(san)農”問題的新(xin)答案。“三(san)農”領導干部要善(shan)用改革這一法寶，勇于突破傳統思維，積極探(tan)索農村工作(zuo)新(xin)路徑(jing)、產業發展新(xin)模式(shi)。

　　五是久久為(wei)功，善作(zuo)善成。“三(san)農(nong)”工作(zuo)是一項(xiang)長期任務，不可能(neng)一蹴(cu)而就。“三(san)農(nong)”領導干部要(yao)懷抱充足(zu)的歷史耐心，保持(chi)戰略定力，以長遠眼(yan)光洞悉(xi)“三(san)農(nong)”工作(zuo)的發展趨勢(shi)，持(chi)之(zhi)以恒地扎實推進各項(xiang)工作(zuo)。

　　當(dang)前(qian)，農(nong)(nong)業(ye)農(nong)(nong)村正處(chu)在深刻變革(ge)之中，加快建設(she)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)強國(guo)是(shi)全面建設(she)社會主義現代化國(guo)家的基礎支撐，是(shi)一(yi)項(xiang)長期艱巨的歷史任務。黨員(yuan)干(gan)部提(ti)升“三農(nong)(nong)”工作本領，應當(dang)從以下方面著手：

　　提升政治(zhi)素養，堅(jian)定服(fu)務“三(san)(san)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)”的(de)(de)理(li)(li)想信(xin)(xin)念。“三(san)(san)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)”干部要(yao)(yao)深(shen)化對黨的(de)(de)創(chuang)新理(li)(li)論(lun)的(de)(de)學(xue)習，進一(yi)步學(xue)深(shen)悟(wu)透習近平(ping)總書記關(guan)于“三(san)(san)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)”工(gong)作重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)論(lun)述精神，全面準確深(shen)刻把握其(qi)精神實(shi)質、思想內涵和實(shi)踐(jian)要(yao)(yao)求，從講政治(zhi)的(de)(de)高度深(shen)刻認識和領會(hui)推動農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業強(qiang)國(guo)建設(she)的(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)性，自覺用大歷史(shi)觀來看(kan)待農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民問題，厚植“三(san)(san)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)”情懷(huai)，筑牢理(li)(li)想信(xin)(xin)念根(gen)基(ji)，不斷增強(qiang)推動農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業強(qiang)國(guo)建設(she)的(de)(de)政治(zhi)自覺、思想自覺和行動自覺。同時，要(yao)(yao)系統學(xue)習“三(san)(san)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)”領域專業知識，提升自身的(de)(de)理(li)(li)論(lun)素養和專業水平(ping)。

　　增強危機意(yi)識(shi)，全(quan)(quan)面提高工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)本領(ling)(ling)(ling)。當前，國(guo)際形勢嚴(yan)(yan)峻復(fu)雜，我國(guo)經濟社(she)會發展(zhan)(zhan)面臨的(de)(de)不確定因素增多。外(wai)部的(de)(de)風(feng)險挑戰越是(shi)嚴(yan)(yan)峻，就(jiu)越要穩(wen)定“三(san)農(nong)(nong)”基本盤(pan)。“農(nong)(nong)業保的(de)(de)是(shi)生(sheng)命安(an)全(quan)(quan)、生(sheng)存安(an)全(quan)(quan)，是(shi)極(ji)端重(zhong)要的(de)(de)國(guo)家安(an)全(quan)(quan)。”在世界百年未有(you)之(zhi)大(da)變(bian)局加速演進的(de)(de)背景下，只有(you)農(nong)(nong)業強起來，才能(neng)為穩(wen)大(da)局、應(ying)變(bian)局、開新(xin)局贏得充分的(de)(de)戰略主動。這就(jiu)要求(qiu)廣大(da)“三(san)農(nong)(nong)”干部要不斷提高科學謀劃工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)能(neng)力，增強工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)科學性和(he)創造性，將黨中(zhong)央決(jue)策(ce)(ce)部署落實落細，惠及廣大(da)農(nong)(nong)民(min)群眾；不斷提高發展(zhan)(zhan)本領(ling)(ling)(ling)，帶領(ling)(ling)(ling)群眾因地制宜發展(zhan)(zhan)壯大(da)富民(min)興村產(chan)(chan)業，延(yan)伸產(chan)(chan)業鏈條，培育建(jian)立現代鄉村產(chan)(chan)業體(ti)系、生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)體(ti)系、經營體(ti)系；不斷提高群眾工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)本領(ling)(ling)(ling)，和(he)農(nong)(nong)民(min)群眾同坐(zuo)一(yi)條板凳(deng)、同說“一(yi)家話”，全(quan)(quan)面掌握(wo)村情民(min)意(yi)，使各項工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)和(he)決(jue)策(ce)(ce)精準滿足群眾需求(qiu)，當好群眾的(de)(de)“領(ling)(ling)(ling)頭雁”和(he)“貼(tie)心(xin)人”。

　　以人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)為(wei)(wei)念，以實(shi)(shi)干彰顯擔(dan)當作為(wei)(wei)。全(quan)面(mian)建(jian)設(she)社會主(zhu)(zhu)義現代(dai)化(hua)國家，最(zui)(zui)艱巨最(zui)(zui)繁重的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)任(ren)務仍(reng)然(ran)在(zai)(zai)農村(cun)。廣大(da)“三農”干部要(yao)始終堅持以人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)為(wei)(wei)中心(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)理念，以舍我其誰的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)擔(dan)當精(jing)(jing)(jing)神，讓(rang)實(shi)(shi)干成為(wei)(wei)內心(xin)深(shen)處(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自覺(jue)追求，將提高(gao)政治(zhi)判斷力(li)、政治(zhi)領悟力(li)、政治(zhi)執行(xing)力(li)融入到破解“三農”難題(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)具體(ti)(ti)實(shi)(shi)踐中。要(yao)精(jing)(jing)(jing)準把握農業農村(cun)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)痛點難點堵點問(wen)題(ti)，把為(wei)(wei)民(min)(min)情懷體(ti)(ti)現在(zai)(zai)解決農民(min)(min)急(ji)難愁(chou)盼問(wen)題(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)際行(xing)動(dong)上，聚焦糧食安全(quan)、產(chan)業發(fa)展(zhan)、生(sheng)態保護等關(guan)鍵(jian)領域(yu)，主(zhu)(zhu)動(dong)作為(wei)(wei)、精(jing)(jing)(jing)準施策，因地(di)制宜(yi)制定(ding)工(gong)作方(fang)案，創造性抓好貫徹落(luo)實(shi)(shi)，推(tui)動(dong)農業強(qiang)國建(jian)設(she)各項工(gong)作更好地(di)落(luo)地(di)生(sheng)根。同時，要(yao)發(fa)揚脫(tuo)貧攻堅精(jing)(jing)(jing)神和釘釘子(zi)精(jing)(jing)(jing)神，以久久為(wei)(wei)功的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)韌勁推(tui)動(dong)鄉村(cun)全(quan)面(mian)振(zhen)興取得實(shi)(shi)質(zhi)性進展(zhan)，用實(shi)(shi)干助力(li)農業農村(cun)現代(dai)化(hua)邁上新(xin)臺階，在(zai)(zai)守底(di)線、促振(zhen)興、惠民(min)(min)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)強(qiang)國建(jian)設(she)實(shi)(shi)踐中書寫無愧于(yu)時代(dai)、無愧于(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)嶄(zhan)新(xin)篇章。(記者 郝(hao)思(si)斯)