原標(biao)題：甘(gan)肅(su)皋(gao)蘭(lan)什川古梨園系(xi)統入選(xuan)全(quan)球重要農業文化遺(yi)產(chan)

　　中國甘肅網5月22日(ri)訊 據(ju)甘肅日報報道（新甘肅·甘肅日報記(ji)者(zhe) 王朝(chao)霞(xia) 馬國(guo)(guo)順）記(ji)者(zhe)從省農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村廳獲悉，甘肅皋蘭什川古(gu)梨園(yuan)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)、浙江德清(qing)淡水珍(zhen)珠復合(he)養殖系統(tong)(tong)(tong)、福建(jian)福鼎白茶(cha)文化(hua)(hua)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)三項(xiang)遺(yi)產(chan)(chan)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)于5月(yue)19日通過專家評審(shen)，正式(shi)被聯合(he)國(guo)(guo)糧農(nong)(nong)(nong)組織認定為(wei)全球重(zhong)要農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)文化(hua)(hua)遺(yi)產(chan)(chan)。截至目前，我國(guo)(guo)全球重(zhong)要農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)文化(hua)(hua)遺(yi)產(chan)(chan)增至25項(xiang)，其中(zhong)，我省迭(die)部扎(zha)尕那農(nong)(nong)(nong)林牧復合(he)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)和皋蘭什川古(gu)梨園(yuan)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)共2項(xiang)入圍全球重(zhong)要農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)文化(hua)(hua)遺(yi)產(chan)(chan)。

　　走進皋蘭縣什(shen)川(chuan)鎮，百(bai)(bai)(bai)年(nian)梨(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)園(yuan)(yuan)翠蓋參天(tian)，梨(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)韻幽深，生機盎然，置(zhi)身梨(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)園(yuan)(yuan)如入(ru)“天(tian)然氧吧”，令人心曠(kuang)神怡。什(shen)川(chuan)古(gu)梨(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)樹(shu)(shu)栽(zai)培歷史悠久，自明嘉靖年(nian)間，當地(di)果(guo)農(nong)仿建水車汲黃(huang)(huang)河(he)(he)水灌溉田(tian)園(yuan)(yuan)，開(kai)始栽(zai)植(zhi)梨(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)樹(shu)(shu)。這里(li)群山(shan)環繞，黃(huang)(huang)河(he)(he)穿境而過，氣候(hou)溫和，土壤肥沃(wo)，園(yuan)(yuan)內現存百(bai)(bai)(bai)年(nian)以上古(gu)梨(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)樹(shu)(shu)9400余株，其中最古(gu)老的(de)(de)已(yi)近(jin)500年(nian)樹(shu)(shu)齡，至今仍然碩果(guo)累累。百(bai)(bai)(bai)年(nian)古(gu)梨(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)樹(shu)(shu)與黃(huang)(huang)河(he)(he)、黃(huang)(huang)土高原共同構成了一(yi)個生生不息的(de)(de)農(nong)林復(fu)(fu)合系統(tong)，什(shen)川(chuan)古(gu)梨(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)園(yuan)(yuan)系統(tong)的(de)(de)核(he)心要(yao)素包括珍稀的(de)(de)古(gu)梨(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)樹(shu)(shu)種質資源、寶(bao)貴(gui)的(de)(de)復(fu)(fu)合用(yong)地(di)技藝及(ji)其知識體系、獨特的(de)(de)梨(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)園(yuan)(yuan)生態(tai)景觀及(ji)鄉土文(wen)化。2013年(nian)，什(shen)川(chuan)古(gu)梨(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)園(yuan)(yuan)系統(tong)入(ru)選我國第(di)一(yi)批(pi)重要(yao)農(nong)業文(wen)化遺產，被譽為“世界第(di)一(yi)古(gu)梨(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)園(yuan)(yuan)”。

　　什川古梨(li)(li)(li)園傳承千年的農(nong)耕(geng)(geng)智(zhi)慧。當地(di)人將種(zhong)植梨(li)(li)(li)樹(shu)稱為種(zhong)“高(gao)田”，果(guo)(guo)農(nong)創造性地(di)發明(ming)了“天(tian)把(ba)式(shi)”這(zhe)一獨特的高(gao)空(kong)作業技藝，利用(yong)“天(tian)把(ba)式(shi)”云(yun)梯穿梭于(yu)半空(kong)的梨(li)(li)(li)樹(shu)間，給(gei)果(guo)(guo)樹(shu)修(xiu)枝(zhi)整(zheng)形(xing)(xing)、疏花疏果(guo)(guo)、豎桿吊枝(zhi)、采摘果(guo)(guo)實(shi)，形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)了獨特的栽(zai)培方式(shi)與農(nong)耕(geng)(geng)文(wen)化(hua)。古梨(li)(li)(li)園盛產軟兒梨(li)(li)(li)和冬(dong)果(guo)(guo)梨(li)(li)(li)，當地(di)創造了傳統(tong)的地(di)窖儲(chu)存(cun)(cun)工(gong)藝，延長(chang)了梨(li)(li)(li)果(guo)(guo)保存(cun)(cun)期，生(sheng)產的凍梨(li)(li)(li)、梨(li)(li)(li)膏等傳統(tong)食品(pin)，藥用(yong)價值極高(gao)。

　　近年來(lai)(lai)，皋蘭縣(xian)依托古梨(li)(li)(li)樹(shu)(shu)資(zi)源舉辦(ban)“蘭州·什(shen)川(chuan)梨(li)(li)(li)花及采摘”旅游(you)節，春(chun)賞花、夏(xia)乘涼、秋摘果、冬觀(guan)雪，把(ba)旅游(you)觀(guan)光(guang)、文(wen)(wen)(wen)體娛樂等融為一(yi)(yi)(yi)體，來(lai)(lai)自梨(li)(li)(li)園(yuan)農(nong)(nong)耕(geng)的(de)“梨(li)(li)(li)園(yuan)鼓子(zi)”“太(tai)平鼓”和“鐵芯(xin)子(zi)”等傳(chuan)統表演大(da)放異(yi)彩，形成(cheng)以(yi)梨(li)(li)(li)園(yuan)美景(jing)觀(guan)賞、黃河風光(guang)游(you)覽、農(nong)(nong)家休(xiu)閑(xian)娛樂等為主的(de)新型休(xiu)閑(xian)農(nong)(nong)業旅游(you)區。縣(xian)里(li)成(cheng)立專門機構，實施古梨(li)(li)(li)樹(shu)(shu)“一(yi)(yi)(yi)樹(shu)(shu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)檔(dang)”數字化管理，建成(cheng)古梨(li)(li)(li)園(yuan)博物館、農(nong)(nong)耕(geng)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化展示館，將“天把(ba)式”技藝申(shen)報(bao)為省級非(fei)物質文(wen)(wen)(wen)化遺產，通過科學合理利用古梨(li)(li)(li)樹(shu)(shu)資(zi)源，傳(chuan)承弘揚(yang)古梨(li)(li)(li)園(yuan)農(nong)(nong)耕(geng)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化，使獨特珍貴的(de)“世界第一(yi)(yi)(yi)古梨(li)(li)(li)園(yuan)”煥發青春(chun)。