原標(biao)題：隴(long)蜀栗亭杜公祠變遷與碑記(ji)杜甫(fu)形象

　　重修杜(du)少(shao)陵先生祠堂記，《詩范永垂(chui)》碑(bei)。

　　重建(jian)杜(du)少陵(ling)先(xian)生祠堂(tang)記，《百世詩宗》碑。

　　栗(li)川鎮元觀峽題刻(ke)

　　修樂樓并歷述建(jian)祠始末(mo)序

　　蒲向明

　　杜(du)(du)甫(fu)隴蜀紀行(xing)(xing)詩有兩首(shou)寫(xie)到“栗(li)(li)(li)亭(ting)(ting)(ting)”，即(ji)《發(fa)秦(qin)(qin)州(zhou)(zhou)》《木(mu)皮嶺(ling)》。《發(fa)秦(qin)(qin)州(zhou)(zhou)》系(xi)其隴蜀紀行(xing)(xing)詩的(de)(de)(de)首(shou)篇，他自注說“乾元(yuan)二(er)年，自秦(qin)(qin)州(zhou)(zhou)赴(fu)同(tong)谷(gu)縣紀行(xing)(xing)”，詩中有句：“無食問樂土，無衣思南(nan)(nan)州(zhou)(zhou)。漢源十月交(jiao)，天氣如(ru)涼(liang)秋(qiu)。草木(mu)未黃落，況聞山水幽。栗(li)(li)(li)亭(ting)(ting)(ting)名(ming)更(geng)佳，下(xia)有良田(tian)疇。充腸多薯蕷，崖(ya)蜜亦易求。密竹復冬筍，清池(chi)可方舟(zhou)。”勾(gou)畫了一幅栗(li)(li)(li)亭(ting)(ting)(ting)初冬的(de)(de)(de)田(tian)園暢想圖。從上下(xia)文看，這里的(de)(de)(de)樂土、南(nan)(nan)州(zhou)(zhou)、栗(li)(li)(li)亭(ting)(ting)(ting)都(dou)實(shi)指一地，即(ji)當時的(de)(de)(de)同(tong)谷(gu)縣栗(li)(li)(li)亭(ting)(ting)(ting)鎮(zhen)。《木(mu)皮嶺(ling)》則說：“首(shou)路栗(li)(li)(li)亭(ting)(ting)(ting)西，尚想鳳凰村。”杜(du)(du)甫(fu)發(fa)同(tong)谷(gu)入(ru)蜀的(de)(de)(de)第一程，就是經過栗(li)(li)(li)亭(ting)(ting)(ting)南(nan)(nan)下(xia)，心(xin)情沉重而不乏躊躇徘徊之意(yi)。據(ju)史料記載：栗(li)(li)(li)亭(ting)(ting)(ting)，得名(ming)于栗(li)(li)(li)亭(ting)(ting)(ting)河，魏正始(shi)三(san)年（506）置栗(li)(li)(li)亭(ting)(ting)(ting)縣，隋開元(yuan)二(er)年（583）降為(wei)同(tong)谷(gu)縣之一鎮(zhen)，五代唐清泰(tai)三(san)年（936）復置縣，宋因(yin)之。

　　杜(du)甫在(zai)(zai)栗(li)亭（今(jin)(jin)隴南(nan)徽縣栗(li)川(chuan)鎮(zhen)(zhen)）居留多長時間，現今(jin)(jin)并(bing)無定論。但他肯定在(zai)(zai)那里生活、創(chuang)作(zuo)有(you)(you)日，是(shi)毫無疑問的(de)(de)。唐咸通十四年（873）成(cheng)州(zhou)刺史趙(zhao)鴻訪杜(du)甫故跡詠(yong)詩《栗(li)亭》：“杜(du)甫栗(li)亭詩，詩人多在(zai)(zai)口。悠悠二甲子，題紀(ji)今(jin)(jin)何有(you)(you)？”（見《梨岳(yue)詩集》）。該(gai)詩有(you)(you)題記說：“趙(zhao)鴻刻石同谷(gu)，曰工(gong)部題栗(li)亭十韻，不復見。”這段文學(xue)史料，提供(gong)了(le)四點(dian)重要信(xin)息(xi)：其(qi)一是(shi)說杜(du)甫在(zai)(zai)栗(li)亭的(de)(de)創(chuang)作(zuo)，曾(ceng)在(zai)(zai)民間口傳，但經(jing)過近(jin)120年即兩(liang)個甲子的(de)(de)時日，已(yi)(yi)經(jing)難覓題紀(ji)；其(qi)二是(shi)杜(du)甫的(de)(de)栗(li)亭詩至少有(you)(you)十首(shou)，屬于中(zhong)國口頭傳統的(de)(de)詩學(xue)范疇；三是(shi)杜(du)甫栗(li)亭詩沒有(you)(you)傳之悠久的(de)(de)載體(ti)，已(yi)(yi)經(jing)散佚，故趙(zhao)鴻再(zai)訪勒石留刻同谷(gu)縣栗(li)亭鎮(zhen)(zhen)，得(de)以保全相關信(xin)息(xi)；四是(shi)杜(du)甫在(zai)(zai)晚唐的(de)(de)隴蜀地域已(yi)(yi)經(jing)聲(sheng)名顯隆，即便佚作(zuo)，也讓(rang)宦游墨客感懷、追捧不已(yi)(yi)。

　　明嘉(jia)靖名宦郭(guo)(guo)從道(dao)纂(zuan)《徽(hui)郡志(zhi)》沿襲了趙(zhao)鴻之(zhi)說，也記述了當時栗(li)(li)(li)亭(ting)(ting)杜(du)公祠(ci)的狀(zhuang)況(kuang)。該志(zhi)卷七《人物志(zhi)》載(zai)：“杜(du)甫(fu)避祿山關中(zhong)之(zhi)亂，入秦(qin)州，居(ju)東柯谷；又徙居(ju)栗(li)(li)(li)亭(ting)(ting)。或曰：‘少陵(ling)不(bu)(bu)終于此，似非所寓。’子謂少陵(ling)當時徙居(ju)栗(li)(li)(li)亭(ting)(ting)，久而始去。今(jin)栗(li)(li)(li)亭(ting)(ting)有(you)祠(ci)、有(you)釣臺，其《集》有(you)栗(li)(li)(li)亭(ting)(ting)詩，不(bu)(bu)謂之(zhi)寓可(ke)乎？噫！草堂郁(yu)郁(yu)，遺像巖巖，望者興思(si)，謁者增慕，不(bu)(bu)可(ke)不(bu)(bu)謂之(zhi)寓焉！”郭(guo)(guo)從道(dao)滿含(han)鄉土之(zhi)情的詰問(wen)當然(ran)(ran)無可(ke)厚非，但說杜(du)甫(fu)的《集》有(you)栗(li)(li)(li)亭(ting)(ting)詩，顯然(ran)(ran)是指僅(jin)存詩題而非十首全(quan)詩，不(bu)(bu)然(ran)(ran)至明代中(zhong)期還(huan)若存杜(du)甫(fu)栗(li)(li)(li)亭(ting)(ting)全(quan)詩，至今(jin)保留(liu)不(bu)(bu)下來(lai)也是難(nan)以(yi)置信的。較之(zhi)，就明嘉(jia)靖時栗(li)(li)(li)亭(ting)(ting)有(you)祠(ci)、有(you)釣臺，《徽(hui)郡志(zhi)》所言非虛。

　　然(ran)而，從文(wen)學史料和方志文(wen)獻考察，隴(long)蜀古道栗(li)亭(ting)(ting)杜(du)(du)公祠早(zao)在宋代就有。北(bei)宋賀鑄《寄題栗(li)亭(ting)(ting)縣(xian)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)嘉(jia)亭(ting)(ting)》詩(shi)說(shuo)：“少(shao)陵昔避地，幽棲鳳皇(huang)川。始愿獲其(qi)(qi)所，賦詩(shi)此終(zhong)焉……嗚呼歌七章，暮節西(xi)南遷。環(huan)堵久蕪沒，斯(si)亭(ting)(ting)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)尚傳。茂宰愴懷古，增崇殊過前。雕(diao)甍(meng)揭(jie)長(chang)簾，下容十(shi)客筵(yan)……”（《慶(qing)湖遺老(lao)詩(shi)集》卷四）詩(shi)題下自注：“邑令(ling)趙(zhao)(zhao)洋(yang)更此新(xin)亭(ting)(ting)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)，取杜(du)(du)甫同谷紀行詩(shi)‘栗(li)亭(ting)(ting)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)更佳’之(zhi)句(ju)，因其(qi)(qi)親(qin)能希邈，求(qiu)吾詩(shi)。癸酉九(jiu)月將扶疾東(dong)下，感而為(wei)賦。”可知北(bei)宋栗(li)亭(ting)(ting)杜(du)(du)公祠，建(jian)于元祐八年(nian)（1093）之(zhi)前，比同谷杜(du)(du)少(shao)陵祠（今成(cheng)縣(xian)杜(du)(du)甫草堂）建(jian)于徽(hui)宗宣和三年(nian)（1121）要早(zao)近三十(shi)年(nian)左右。賀方回(hui)是否到過栗(li)亭(ting)(ting)縣(xian)（北(bei)宋復設(she)）暫(zan)無考證，但從該詩(shi)的描寫和題注看，北(bei)宋栗(li)亭(ting)(ting)杜(du)(du)公祠早(zao)已(yi)有之(zhi)，至趙(zhao)(zhao)洋(yang)更新(xin)亭(ting)(ting)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)，建(jian)筑群已(yi)經具備一定規模。南宋祝(zhu)穆(mu)《方輿勝覽》卷六十(shi)九(jiu)載(zai)：紹圣(sheng)間(jian)（1094-1098），栗(li)亭(ting)(ting)令(ling)王知彰作(zuo)《祠堂記》，說(shuo)明栗(li)亭(ting)(ting)杜(du)(du)公祠在北(bei)宋后期尚存。清(qing)嘉(jia)慶(qing)十(shi)三年(nian)（1808）吳鵬翱《武階備志》卷十(shi)六《古跡(ji)》載(zai)：名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)嘉(jia)亭(ting)(ting)，北(bei)宋建(jian)，在栗(li)亭(ting)(ting)縣(xian)。邑令(ling)趙(zhao)(zhao)洋(yang)取杜(du)(du)甫“栗(li)亭(ting)(ting)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)更佳”句(ju)為(wei)榜，因襲痕跡(ji)一目了然(ran)。

　　遺憾的(de)(de)是，在(zai)南宋(song)(song)和元代(dai)的(de)(de)資料里，找不到栗(li)(li)亭(ting)杜公祠的(de)(de)存廢記(ji)載，這應該(gai)(gai)與隴蜀地(di)域(yu)在(zai)南宋(song)(song)陷于(yu)戰(zhan)亂有關(guan)。兩漢(han)、三(san)國、兩晉時(shi)(shi)，栗(li)(li)亭(ting)隸屬于(yu)下辨道(dao)。北(bei)魏時(shi)(shi)，開始置栗(li)(li)亭(ting)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)（治今(jin)徽(hui)(hui)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)伏(fu)家鎮），五代(dai)后唐時(shi)(shi)，置栗(li)(li)亭(ting)軍（治今(jin)徽(hui)(hui)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)栗(li)(li)川鎮）。宋(song)(song)改栗(li)(li)亭(ting)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)，屬成州，元入徽(hui)(hui)州（今(jin)徽(hui)(hui)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)），系隴蜀襟(jin)喉，入蜀要沖，興衰一如河(he)(he)(he)池(chi)（徽(hui)(hui)州）。清初顧(gu)祖禹(yu)《讀史(shi)方輿紀要》言其：“接壤秦(qin)隴，俯瞰梁(liang)益，襟(jin)帶東西，稱(cheng)為(wei)要地(di)，隴蜀有事，河(he)(he)(he)池(chi)其必爭(zheng)之(zhi)所(suo)矣。”清康熙楊恩《鞏(gong)昌府志(zhi)·形勝(sheng)》說：“河(he)(he)(he)池(chi)，巖(yan)山(shan)環峙，江水合流(liu)；東接連云，西盤百頃；關(guan)隘扼喉，溪谷張(zhang)翼；為(wei)秦(qin)隴之(zhi)藩屏，控巴蜀之(zhi)門戶。縣(xian)(xian)(xian)接秦(qin)隴，而地(di)控天水、連漢(han)中(zhong)，稱(cheng)為(wei)要害。”乾隆抄本(ben)《徽(hui)(hui)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)志(zhi)·城(cheng)池(chi)》：城(cheng)門南曰(yue)“通蜀”，北(bei)曰(yue)“眺隴”。嘉慶張(zhang)伯魁(kui)《徽(hui)(hui)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)志(zhi)·疆域(yu)》稱(cheng)：“徽(hui)(hui)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)，古河(he)(he)(he)池(chi)（元改徽(hui)(hui)州，明降為(wei)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)），從來用武之(zhi)地(di)也(ye)。襟(jin)帶隴蜀，形勝(sheng)險阻。”該(gai)(gai)志(zhi)“沿革”中(zhong)“栗(li)(li)亭(ting)”條：“考(kao)自建炎、紹興間，金(jin)人爭(zheng)地(di)，河(he)(he)(he)池(chi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)乃遭(zao)殘破(po)。”可(ke)知宋(song)(song)栗(li)(li)亭(ting)杜公祠，頹(tui)圮于(yu)兵(bing)燹(xian)。

　　據(ju)(ju)史(shi)(shi)料，栗亭(ting)杜公(gong)祠今(jin)存遺址，源自明正(zheng)德(de)(de)年間（1506-1521）。《徽(hui)(hui)郡志》記載(zai)：“杜少(shao)陵祠，在(zai)栗亭(ting)西(xi)。正(zheng)德(de)(de)中御史(shi)(shi)潘公(gong)倣建(jian)(jian)。”潘倣，字(zi)景哲，洛陽(yang)人(ren)，正(zheng)德(de)(de)六(liu)年辛(xin)未（1511）登進士(shi)第，授監察御史(shi)(shi)、都(dou)察院右都(dou)御史(shi)(shi)，巡撫山西(xi)、浙(zhe)江(jiang)、遼東，嘉(jia)靖(jing)初平定大(da)同兵變，嘉(jia)靖(jing)五年（1526）建(jian)(jian)浙(zhe)江(jiang)萬松(song)書(shu)院，文采(cai)出(chu)眾，工于(yu)書(shu)法(fa)（《明清(qing)進士(shi)錄(lu)》）。嘉(jia)靖(jing)《陜西(xi)通志》卷十(shi)九《全陜名宦·巡按(an)(an)甘(gan)肅御史(shi)(shi)》載(zai)：潘倣巡按(an)(an)甘(gan)肅在(zai)正(zheng)德(de)(de)十(shi)五年（1520），次年他已(yi)離任，繼任者為山西(xi)洪(hong)桐縣人(ren)許鳳翔。據(ju)(ju)此，明正(zheng)德(de)(de)栗亭(ting)杜公(gong)祠的修建(jian)(jian)，當在(zai)正(zheng)德(de)(de)十(shi)五、六(liu)年間（1520-1521）。至于(yu)潘倣因(yin)何要在(zai)栗亭(ting)建(jian)(jian)杜公(gong)祠，《徽(hui)(hui)郡志》未做詳述。清(qing)康熙五十(shi)八年（1719）童華祖撰《重建(jian)(jian)杜少(shao)陵先(xian)生(sheng)祠堂記》（碑(bei)額“百世詩宗(zong)”）碑(bei)文說：“正(zheng)德(de)(de)間，侍(shi)御史(shi)(shi)潘公(gong)因(yin)覿先(xian)生(sheng)于(yu)夢中，遂就地建(jian)(jian)祠而崇祀(si)之。”該碑(bei)刻今(jin)存徽(hui)(hui)縣文化館(guan)。從“就地建(jian)(jian)祠”的記述看，應該是潘倣按(an)(an)察栗亭(ting)，夢見(jian)杜甫，由此產生(sheng)“崇祀(si)”意(yi)愿，故而修建(jian)(jian)杜公(gong)祠。

　　今(jin)存(cun)于栗川鎮杜公(gong)(gong)村杜公(gong)(gong)祠(ci)(ci)堂的《縣(xian)(xian)治西三(san)十(shi)里杜公(gong)(gong)祠(ci)(ci)為(wei)修樂樓并(bing)歷述建(jian)祠(ci)(ci)始末序》碑，鐫刻于民國二(er)十(shi)九(jiu)年(nian)（1940），對潘(pan)倣創建(jian)栗亭杜公(gong)(gong)祠(ci)(ci)有(you)(you)頗具文(wen)學性的記述：“潘(pan)公(gong)(gong)命(ming)典試文(wen)（縣(xian)(xian)）、徽（縣(xian)(xian)），駕臨茲土，夢睹先生于途中(zhong)，越(yue)□日，詢諸土人(ren)(ren)(ren)，有(you)(you)二(er)三(san)黃(huang)發為(wei)言故老(lao)傳聞曰：‘唐至(zhi)中(zhong)葉，窮逆悖亂，帝京(jing)凌夷，杜工部少陵先生遂致仕歸隱(yin)，度隴客秦，由秦（州）之(zhi)成（縣(xian)(xian)）適徽，結庵(an)于墩山(shan)之(zhi)側，垂釣在元觀之(zhi)下。哲(zhe)人(ren)(ren)(ren)已萎，遺跡猶(you)存(cun)，迄今(jin)漁人(ren)(ren)(ren)樵牧經(jing)其故址，莫不(bu)(bu)動物是人(ren)(ren)(ren)非之(zhi)感焉(yan)。疇昔之(zhi)夜，公(gong)(gong)夢醒吟(yin)而過車前者，不(bu)(bu)□是耶非耶？’公(gong)(gong)曰：‘然(ran)！’遂厚捐樂施，囑此地(di)紳耆二(er)為(wei)之(zhi)建(jian)祠(ci)(ci)焉(yan)。”（文(wen)見趙逵夫(fu)《隴南金石(shi)校錄(lu)》）顯然(ran)，出于潘(pan)倣創建(jian)杜公(gong)(gong)祠(ci)(ci)原碑抄錄(lu)，可解當初建(jian)祠(ci)(ci)的細致因由。

　　按金石文獻(xian)和(he)方志資(zi)料(liao)，自潘倣以(yi)后，明(ming)清(qing)至(zhi)民(min)國(guo)(guo)曾(ceng)有五次大(da)規模重(zhong)(zhong)建、重(zhong)(zhong)修(xiu)(xiu)栗亭(ting)杜(du)(du)公(gong)(gong)(gong)祠(ci)(ci)的情(qing)況(kuang)。明(ming)萬歷(li)(li)（1573-1620）中，州(zhou)牧左公(gong)(gong)(gong)（左之貞）“重(zhong)(zhong)修(xiu)(xiu)祀(si)(si)堂(tang)(tang)三(san)(san)間”；清(qing)康(kang)熙丁酉冬（1717）觀察使童華(hua)祖(zu)、知州(zhou)周元良重(zhong)(zhong)修(xiu)(xiu)，“獻(xian)宇三(san)(san)楹”；清(qing)乾隆六(liu)(liu)年（1741）徽縣知縣牛運震增(zeng)修(xiu)(xiu)杜(du)(du)公(gong)(gong)(gong)祠(ci)(ci)，“置(zhi)守(shou)祠(ci)(ci)二(er)(er)戶，購(gou)田十(shi)畝以(yi)供(gong)春秋享(xiang)祀(si)(si)”；清(qing)嘉慶(qing)丁卯、己巳間（1807-1809）知縣張伯魁重(zhong)(zhong)修(xiu)(xiu)杜(du)(du)公(gong)(gong)(gong)祠(ci)(ci)，“祠(ci)(ci)門(men)左右，各增(zeng)置(zhi)耳(er)房二(er)(er)間，又增(zeng)瞻(zhan)祠(ci)(ci)田十(shi)畝，俾司(si)春秋享(xiang)祀(si)(si)，歲時修(xiu)(xiu)葺(qi)(qi)”；清(qing)光緒十(shi)六(liu)(liu)年至(zhi)二(er)(er)十(shi)六(liu)(liu)年（1890-1900）生(sheng)員王倜、知縣張若金重(zhong)(zhong)修(xiu)(xiu)，“歷(li)(li)時十(shi)年，動畫工完(wan)，獻(xian)殿始見，廟(miao)貌重(zhong)(zhong)新，古(gu)跡宛在”，刊(kan)刻(ke)《重(zhong)(zhong)修(xiu)(xiu)杜(du)(du)少(shao)陵先生(sheng)祠(ci)(ci)堂(tang)(tang)記》（即(ji)《詩范永垂(chui)》碑，現存(cun)于(yu)栗亭(ting)杜(du)(du)公(gong)(gong)(gong)村原址）記載了重(zhong)(zhong)修(xiu)(xiu)杜(du)(du)少(shao)陵祠(ci)(ci)的情(qing)況(kuang)以(yi)及杜(du)(du)公(gong)(gong)(gong)祠(ci)(ci)的歷(li)(li)史發(fa)展淵源(yuan)；民(min)國(guo)(guo)二(er)(er)十(shi)九年（1940）當地(di)士(shi)紳、鄉民(min)再次集資(zi)對杜(du)(du)公(gong)(gong)(gong)祠(ci)(ci)進行較大(da)規模修(xiu)(xiu)葺(qi)(qi)；中華(hua)人民(min)共和(he)國(guo)(guo)成(cheng)立后，栗亭(ting)杜(du)(du)公(gong)(gong)(gong)祠(ci)(ci)作(zuo)為(wei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)有財產分給一范姓農戶居(ju)住，1962年祠(ci)(ci)堂(tang)(tang)被其(qi)完(wan)全拆除。傳聞(wen)1992年在杜(du)(du)公(gong)(gong)(gong)村還發(fa)現一塊宋代(dai)《杜(du)(du)甫詩苑(yuan)》文字石碑，惜今(jin)不知所蹤。

　　現存(cun)明(ming)清以來栗(li)(li)亭杜(du)(du)公(gong)祠(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)石刻文獻，描述(shu)了這一時(shi)期本地(di)仕宦(huan)心(xin)目(mu)中不同層面的(de)杜(du)(du)甫(fu)形(xing)(xing)象(xiang)(xiang)。明(ming)代潘(pan)倣、左(zuo)之(zhi)(zhi)貞原碑(bei)已佚，碑(bei)文片言(yan)只語見(jian)于(yu)(yu)方(fang)志或其(qi)他(ta)史(shi)料。而從清初到民國的(de)碑(bei)文，計有楊三(san)辰《江河(he)紀略》、童華祖《重建杜(du)(du)少陵先生祠(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)堂記(ji)》（別稱《百世(shi)詩宗》碑(bei)記(ji)）、張思□《杜(du)(du)少陵先生年譜》、牛運震《杜(du)(du)公(gong)祠(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)記(ji)》、張伯(bo)魁(kui)《重修杜(du)(du)少陵先生祠(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)堂記(ji)》（別稱《詩范(fan)永垂》碑(bei)記(ji)）、佚名《元觀峽題刻》、佚名《杜(du)(du)公(gong)祠(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)為(wei)修樂樓并歷述(shu)建祠(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)始末序》等(deng)七(qi)種。碑(bei)記(ji)杜(du)(du)甫(fu)形(xing)(xing)象(xiang)(xiang)主(zhu)要在以下三(san)個方(fang)面：第(di)一，神化(hua)(hua)、圣化(hua)(hua)形(xing)(xing)象(xiang)(xiang)，具(ju)體表(biao)現為(wei)萬(wan)方(fang)多難(nan)的(de)詩圣形(xing)(xing)象(xiang)(xiang)、忠君士大(da)夫形(xing)(xing)象(xiang)(xiang)，側(ce)重于(yu)(yu)強(qiang)調杜(du)(du)甫(fu)的(de)忠君品格和(he)(he)儒家情懷(huai)，“激(ji)騷揚(yang)雅，出于(yu)(yu)忠愛(ai)真意之(zhi)(zhi)至性，足以興起(qi)百代”“何徽之(zhi)(zhi)人士思之(zhi)(zhi)深、慕之(zhi)(zhi)切于(yu)(yu)千載(zai)后”；第(di)二，偶像化(hua)(hua)、道(dao)(dao)德化(hua)(hua)形(xing)(xing)象(xiang)(xiang)，側(ce)重于(yu)(yu)表(biao)現杜(du)(du)甫(fu)的(de)詩家國手(shou)和(he)(he)憂國憂民方(fang)面，突(tu)出教化(hua)(hua)后世(shi)和(he)(he)報國之(zhi)(zhi)情，“潘(pan)公(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)是祠(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)，以存(cun)子美于(yu)(yu)栗(li)(li)亭，可謂關(guan)涉世(shi)教者”；第(di)三(san)，勸誡化(hua)(hua)、學(xue)問化(hua)(hua)形(xing)(xing)象(xiang)(xiang)，側(ce)重于(yu)(yu)深懷(huai)對杜(du)(du)甫(fu)仰慕、崇敬之(zhi)(zhi)情，突(tu)出他(ta)才高(gao)命(ming)蹇的(de)艱難(nan)和(he)(he)德范(fan)詩才之(zhi)(zhi)共體，正所謂“生有聞(wen)于(yu)(yu)當時(shi)、歿(mo)有傳于(yu)(yu)后代，世(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)學(xue)者，以今為(wei)明(ming)昭，建祠(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)崇祀，讀書講(jiang)道(dao)(dao)，效(xiao)法先賢”。

　　隴蜀(shu)栗亭杜(du)公祠碑(bei)刻群(qun)載(zai)記(ji)杜(du)甫形象，淵源非自(zi)一(yi)處。或來自(zi)詩(shi)文流播：“周覽(lan)斯(si)川之體(ti)勢，繁衍周布，唯(wei)子(zi)美之詩(shi)于(yu)今可證”，口耳相傳“后之人(ren)覽(lan)其作，悲(bei)其志”“子(zi)美有靈(ling)，千載(zai)后猶樂思(si)(si)此地，妥(tuo)彼去(qu)國離家之神(shen)”；或情境生感：“思(si)(si)追表(biao)其遺跡，寶重愛(ai)惜”“悲(bei)慨(kai)時(shi)事(shi)，吟詠孤懷(huai)(huai)”；或個(ge)人(ren)興會(hui)：“高望遐思(si)(si)，溯其所(suo)以興懷(huai)(huai)，低(di)徊致意”“覿先(xian)(xian)生于(yu)夢中(zhong)”“表(biao)遺韻(yun)于(yu)先(xian)(xian)賢，撫往跡而太(tai)息”等等。由(you)此可見，隴蜀(shu)地帶仕宦文人(ren)表(biao)現杜(du)甫精神(shen)風貌或人(ren)格魅力時(shi)，首先(xian)(xian)通過鋪排(pai)陳述的(de)言(yan)語迫切表(biao)現出飽含的(de)深情：“少(shao)陵先(xian)(xian)生不產于(yu)徽，亦(yi)無深澤厚惠(hui)及(ji)于(yu)徽”“勿忘盛事(shi)，文化之人(ren)，人(ren)眾且(qie)遠”；再由(you)此折射出一(yi)個(ge)“人(ren)民詩(shi)人(ren)”、詩(shi)中(zhong)圣哲“眷(juan)顧宗國，惻戀兄弟”。在當時(shi)熱愛(ai)詩(shi)歌和崇尚道德的(de)人(ren)心里(li)，杜(du)甫如(ru)何已達到“憂在君父，忘身賤貧”“千秋萬(wan)歲名，不盡身后事(shi)”的(de)境界(jie)，并(bing)永遠為后人(ren)所(suo)銘(ming)記(ji)。