時代專論 | 中國式現代化是全體人民共同富裕的社會主義現代化
中(zhong)國(guo)共(gong)(gong)(gong)產黨(dang)(dang)是為中(zhong)國(guo)人(ren)(ren)民(min)謀幸福(fu)、為中(zhong)華民(min)族謀復興的馬克(ke)思(si)主(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)政黨(dang)(dang),實現(xian)全(quan)體(ti)人(ren)(ren)民(min)共(gong)(gong)(gong)同富(fu)裕(yu)(yu)是貫(guan)穿我們黨(dang)(dang)百余年來奮(fen)斗歷程的不(bu)懈追(zhui)求。近(jin)日,習(xi)近(jin)平(ping)總(zong)(zong)書記在主(zhu)(zhu)持召(zhao)開部分省區市“十五(wu)五(wu)”時期經濟社(she)會發(fa)(fa)展座談會上(shang)發(fa)(fa)表重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)講話(hua)指出:“中(zhong)國(guo)式現(xian)代(dai)化(hua)是全(quan)體(ti)人(ren)(ren)民(min)共(gong)(gong)(gong)同富(fu)裕(yu)(yu)的社(she)會主(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)現(xian)代(dai)化(hua)。謀劃‘十五(wu)五(wu)’時期經濟社(she)會發(fa)(fa)展,要(yao)不(bu)忘初心,把造(zao)福(fu)人(ren)(ren)民(min)作為根(gen)本(ben)價值取向,堅(jian)持在發(fa)(fa)展中(zhong)保障和(he)(he)改善民(min)生,穩(wen)(wen)步推(tui)(tui)動共(gong)(gong)(gong)同富(fu)裕(yu)(yu)。”習(xi)近(jin)平(ping)總(zong)(zong)書記的重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)講話(hua)彰顯了(le)黨(dang)(dang)中(zhong)央堅(jian)持推(tui)(tui)進全(quan)體(ti)人(ren)(ren)民(min)共(gong)(gong)(gong)同富(fu)裕(yu)(yu)的鮮明立(li)場和(he)(he)戰略定力(li),我們要(yao)深入學習(xi)、深刻領(ling)會,并同深入學習(xi)領(ling)會黨(dang)(dang)的十八大以來習(xi)近(jin)平(ping)總(zong)(zong)書記圍繞推(tui)(tui)動共(gong)(gong)(gong)同富(fu)裕(yu)(yu)提出的一系列(lie)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)論述結合(he)起(qi)來,久(jiu)(jiu)久(jiu)(jiu)為功、持續(xu)推(tui)(tui)動,穩(wen)(wen)步朝著全(quan)體(ti)人(ren)(ren)民(min)共(gong)(gong)(gong)同富(fu)裕(yu)(yu)目標邁進。
推進中國式(shi)現(xian)代(dai)化必然要求實現(xian)全體人(ren)民共同(tong)富裕
中國(guo)式現(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)是中國(guo)共(gong)產黨(dang)領(ling)導(dao)的(de)(de)社會主義(yi)現(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua),科學社會主義(yi)的(de)(de)發展(zhan)方向、我們黨(dang)的(de)(de)根(gen)本宗旨、中華(hua)民(min)族(zu)的(de)(de)歷(li)史底蘊和為(wei)人(ren)類(lei)作出更(geng)大(da)貢獻的(de)(de)歷(li)史使命,都(dou)要求中國(guo)共(gong)產黨(dang)帶(dai)領(ling)人(ren)民(min)實(shi)現(xian)共(gong)同富(fu)裕。換個維度說(shuo),中國(guo)式現(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)生動實(shi)踐與(yu)實(shi)現(xian)全體人(ren)民(min)共(gong)同富(fu)裕的(de)(de)愿景目(mu)標具有天然的(de)(de)、本質的(de)(de)聯系。
從(cong)理(li)(li)論源(yuan)泉看,科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)本(ben)(ben)原(yuan)則要(yao)(yao)求馬(ma)(ma)(ma)克(ke)(ke)思主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)政黨(dang)為(wei)實(shi)現全(quan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)共(gong)同(tong)(tong)(tong)富(fu)(fu)裕而(er)不(bu)懈奮斗。科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)克(ke)(ke)思主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)(yao)組成部分(fen)(fen)(fen),是(shi)(shi)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)克(ke)(ke)思主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)創(chuang)始人(ren)(ren)(ren)為(wei)實(shi)現人(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自由和(he)(he)(he)解放、探索人(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)理(li)(li)想(xiang)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)及其實(shi)現途徑而(er)創(chuang)立的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)。從(cong)某種意義(yi)(yi)(yi)上說,馬(ma)(ma)(ma)克(ke)(ke)思主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)就是(shi)(shi)關于人(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)共(gong)同(tong)(tong)(tong)富(fu)(fu)裕的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理(li)(li)論。在(zai)世界歷(li)史(shi)上,西(xi)方國(guo)(guo)家(jia)憑借資本(ben)(ben)、科(ke)技(ji)和(he)(he)(he)軍(jun)事優勢,通過對(dui)外殖民(min)(min)擴張和(he)(he)(he)對(dui)內資本(ben)(ben)剝(bo)(bo)削(xue),率先實(shi)現了現代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)。但(dan)西(xi)方的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)道路本(ben)(ben)質(zhi)上是(shi)(shi)以資本(ben)(ben)為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)、維護少數人(ren)(ren)(ren)利(li)益(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),必(bi)然導(dao)致貧富(fu)(fu)懸殊、兩(liang)極分(fen)(fen)(fen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)。這是(shi)(shi)西(xi)方現代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最大弊端。馬(ma)(ma)(ma)克(ke)(ke)思、恩(en)格斯根(gen)據生產(chan)(chan)力和(he)(he)(he)生產(chan)(chan)關系的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)矛盾運動規(gui)律(lv),深(shen)刻(ke)揭露資本(ben)(ben)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)剝(bo)(bo)削(xue)本(ben)(ben)質(zhi)、深(shen)入(ru)剖析資本(ben)(ben)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)現代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)固有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)弊病,作(zuo)出資本(ben)(ben)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)必(bi)然滅亡和(he)(he)(he)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)必(bi)然勝利(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)論斷(duan),在(zai)遵循人(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)發展(zhan)規(gui)律(lv)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎上提出了未來共(gong)產(chan)(chan)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)是(shi)(shi)實(shi)現所(suo)(suo)有(you)人(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)富(fu)(fu)裕的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)構想(xiang)。馬(ma)(ma)(ma)克(ke)(ke)思主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)指(zhi)出,代(dai)(dai)替剝(bo)(bo)削(xue)、掠奪(duo)、貧富(fu)(fu)兩(liang)極分(fen)(fen)(fen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)資本(ben)(ben)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)將是(shi)(shi)“每個(ge)人(ren)(ren)(ren)自由而(er)全(quan)面發展(zhan)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“自由人(ren)(ren)(ren)聯(lian)合體(ti)(ti)(ti)”;共(gong)產(chan)(chan)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)將實(shi)行各盡(jin)所(suo)(suo)能、按需(xu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)配,強調(diao)“生產(chan)(chan)將以所(suo)(suo)有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)富(fu)(fu)裕為(wei)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)”“所(suo)(suo)有(you)人(ren)(ren)(ren)共(gong)同(tong)(tong)(tong)享受大家(jia)創(chuang)造出來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)福(fu)利(li)”“將給所(suo)(suo)有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)提供健康而(er)有(you)益(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工作(zuo),給所(suo)(suo)有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)提供充裕的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)物質(zhi)生活(huo)和(he)(he)(he)閑(xian)暇時間,給所(suo)(suo)有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)提供真正(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)充分(fen)(fen)(fen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自由”。顯然,以超越(yue)少數人(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)富(fu)(fu)裕來實(shi)現所(suo)(suo)有(you)人(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)富(fu)(fu)裕即(ji)共(gong)同(tong)(tong)(tong)富(fu)(fu)裕,是(shi)(shi)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)克(ke)(ke)思主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)價值追(zhui)求,也是(shi)(shi)實(shi)現理(li)(li)想(xiang)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)本(ben)(ben)目標。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)共(gong)產(chan)(chan)黨(dang)是(shi)(shi)以馬(ma)(ma)(ma)克(ke)(ke)思主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)指(zhi)導(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)先進政黨(dang),秉承(cheng)科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)原(yuan)則,在(zai)革命、建設、改革的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷(li)史(shi)進程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)不(bu)斷(duan)朝著實(shi)現全(quan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)共(gong)同(tong)(tong)(tong)富(fu)(fu)裕邁(mai)進。特別是(shi)(shi)新(xin)時代(dai)(dai)以來,我們黨(dang)概括提出并深(shen)入(ru)闡述(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)式現代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)理(li)(li)論,是(shi)(shi)當代(dai)(dai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)共(gong)產(chan)(chan)黨(dang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)推進馬(ma)(ma)(ma)克(ke)(ke)思主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)化(hua)(hua)(hua)時代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)又一(yi)重大理(li)(li)論創(chuang)新(xin),是(shi)(shi)科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最新(xin)重大成果。理(li)(li)論和(he)(he)(he)實(shi)踐充分(fen)(fen)(fen)表明(ming),推進和(he)(he)(he)拓展(zhan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)式現代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)與促進全(quan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)共(gong)同(tong)(tong)(tong)富(fu)(fu)裕相伴(ban)相生、同(tong)(tong)(tong)向而(er)行。
從(cong)實踐歷程(cheng)(cheng)看,中(zhong)國(guo)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)黨的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)根(gen)本宗(zong)旨(zhi)決(jue)定了必須不(bu)斷探索(suo)(suo)以(yi)實現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)全(quan)(quan)(quan)體(ti)人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)(tong)富(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)裕(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)為價(jia)(jia)值旨(zhi)歸(gui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)國(guo)式現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)道(dao)路(lu)。實現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)是(shi)(shi)(shi)近(jin)(jin)代(dai)(dai)以(yi)來中(zhong)國(guo)人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)追求(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)夢想,共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)(tong)富(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)裕(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)華民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)族千百年(nian)(nian)來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)美好(hao)期(qi)(qi)盼(pan)。中(zhong)國(guo)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)黨一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)經(jing)誕生,就(jiu)自覺承(cheng)載起探索(suo)(suo)中(zhong)國(guo)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)道(dao)路(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷史(shi)(shi)使命(ming),實現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)全(quan)(quan)(quan)體(ti)人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)(tong)富(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)裕(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)成(cheng)為中(zhong)國(guo)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)黨矢志不(bu)渝的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)奮(fen)斗(dou)(dou)目標。毛澤東同(tong)(tong)(tong)志在(zai)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)主(zhu)義(yi)(yi)革(ge)命(ming)和(he)(he)建(jian)設時期(qi)(qi)就(jiu)指出,“現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)在(zai)我們實行這么(me)(me)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)制度,這么(me)(me)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)計劃,是(shi)(shi)(shi)可(ke)以(yi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)年(nian)(nian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)年(nian)(nian)走向更(geng)(geng)富(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)更(geng)(geng)強(qiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)年(nian)(nian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)年(nian)(nian)可(ke)以(yi)看到更(geng)(geng)富(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)更(geng)(geng)強(qiang)些。而這個富(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),是(shi)(shi)(shi)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)富(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),這個強(qiang),是(shi)(shi)(shi)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)強(qiang),大家都(dou)有(you)份”。鄧小平同(tong)(tong)(tong)志在(zai)改(gai)革(ge)開放和(he)(he)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)主(zhu)義(yi)(yi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)建(jian)設新時期(qi)(qi)提(ti)出“中(zhong)國(guo)式的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)”這一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)理論概念和(he)(he)奮(fen)斗(dou)(dou)目標,強(qiang)調“社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)主(zhu)義(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)本質(zhi),是(shi)(shi)(shi)解放生產(chan)(chan)(chan)力(li),發(fa)展(zhan)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)力(li),消滅剝(bo)削,消除(chu)兩極分化(hua)(hua),最終(zhong)達到共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)(tong)富(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)裕(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)”“社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)主(zhu)義(yi)(yi)最大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優越(yue)性就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)(tong)富(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)裕(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu),這是(shi)(shi)(shi)體(ti)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)主(zhu)義(yi)(yi)本質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個東西”。進(jin)入(ru)新時代(dai)(dai),我們黨對(dui)為什(shen)么(me)(me)要實現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)(tong)富(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)裕(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)、實現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)什(shen)么(me)(me)樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)(tong)富(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)裕(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)、怎樣實現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)(tong)富(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)裕(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)等基本問題的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)認識(shi)進(jin)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)步深化(hua)(hua)。習近(jin)(jin)平總書記強(qiang)調:“共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)(tong)富(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)裕(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)主(zhu)義(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)本質(zhi)要求(qiu),是(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)群眾的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)(tong)期(qi)(qi)盼(pan)。我們推動(dong)經(jing)濟社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)發(fa)展(zhan),歸(gui)根(gen)結底是(shi)(shi)(shi)要實現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)全(quan)(quan)(quan)體(ti)人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)(tong)富(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)裕(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)。”我們黨把(ba)逐步實現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)全(quan)(quan)(quan)體(ti)人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)(tong)富(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)裕(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)擺(bai)在(zai)更(geng)(geng)加重要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)位置,推動(dong)區域協調發(fa)展(zhan),采取有(you)力(li)措(cuo)施保障(zhang)和(he)(he)改(gai)善民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)生,打(da)贏脫貧攻堅(jian)戰,全(quan)(quan)(quan)面建(jian)成(cheng)小康社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui),為促(cu)進(jin)全(quan)(quan)(quan)體(ti)人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)(tong)富(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)裕(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)創(chuang)造(zao)了良好(hao)物質(zhi)基礎(chu)和(he)(he)發(fa)展(zhan)條件(jian)。黨的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)二十大報(bao)告提(ti)出,堅(jian)持(chi)把(ba)實現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)對(dui)美好(hao)生活的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)向往作(zuo)為現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)建(jian)設的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)出發(fa)點和(he)(he)落腳點,著力(li)維護和(he)(he)促(cu)進(jin)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)公(gong)平正義(yi)(yi),著力(li)促(cu)進(jin)全(quan)(quan)(quan)體(ti)人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)(tong)富(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)裕(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu),堅(jian)決(jue)防(fang)止(zhi)兩極分化(hua)(hua)。可(ke)以(yi)說,一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)部(bu)中(zhong)國(guo)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)黨百年(nian)(nian)史(shi)(shi)正是(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)部(bu)踐行黨的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)初心(xin)使命(ming)、以(yi)實現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)全(quan)(quan)(quan)體(ti)人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)(tong)富(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)裕(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)為價(jia)(jia)值旨(zhi)歸(gui)、不(bu)斷探索(suo)(suo)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)道(dao)路(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)奮(fen)斗(dou)(dou)史(shi)(shi)。追求(qiu)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)(tong)富(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)裕(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)貫穿于開創(chuang)、推進(jin)和(he)(he)拓展(zhan)中(zhong)國(guo)式現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)道(dao)路(lu)整個歷史(shi)(shi)進(jin)程(cheng)(cheng)。
從(cong)文(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)價(jia)值看,實(shi)(shi)現(xian)全(quan)(quan)體(ti)(ti)人民(min)(min)(min)(min)共(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)富(fu)裕(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)式(shi)現(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)飽含(han)著中(zhong)(zhong)華優秀(xiu)傳(chuan)統文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)深(shen)厚歷史底(di)蘊(yun)(yun)和創(chuang)(chuang)造(zao)人類文(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)新(xin)形(xing)態(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)鮮明(ming)時(shi)代(dai)(dai)意蘊(yun)(yun)。習近平總書記指出(chu):“中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)式(shi)現(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua),深(shen)深(shen)植(zhi)根于中(zhong)(zhong)華優秀(xiu)傳(chuan)統文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua),體(ti)(ti)現(xian)科學社會主義的(de)(de)(de)(de)先(xian)(xian)(xian)進本(ben)質(zhi),借鑒吸收(shou)一(yi)切(qie)人類優秀(xiu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)成果,代(dai)(dai)表人類文(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)進步的(de)(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)方(fang)(fang)向,展(zhan)現(xian)了(le)(le)不同(tong)(tong)于西方(fang)(fang)現(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)模式(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)新(xin)圖(tu)景,是一(yi)種(zhong)全(quan)(quan)新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)人類文(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)形(xing)態(tai)(tai)。”歷史表明(ming),中(zhong)(zhong)華民(min)(min)(min)(min)族(zu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)先(xian)(xian)(xian)哲們一(yi)直有(you)構建(jian)安寧富(fu)裕(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)大同(tong)(tong)社會的(de)(de)(de)(de)向往,崇尚“與天下同(tong)(tong)利者(zhe),天下持之”的(de)(de)(de)(de)民(min)(min)(min)(min)本(ben)思(si)(si)想,倡導(dao)“治國(guo)(guo)之道,富(fu)民(min)(min)(min)(min)為(wei)始”“國(guo)(guo)之稱富(fu)者(zhe),在乎(hu)豐民(min)(min)(min)(min)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)治國(guo)(guo)理念,追(zhui)求國(guo)(guo)家富(fu)裕(yu)(yu)與人民(min)(min)(min)(min)富(fu)足的(de)(de)(de)(de)辯證(zheng)統一(yi)。中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)共(gong)(gong)(gong)產(chan)黨人既從(cong)五千(qian)年中(zhong)(zhong)華文(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)演進中(zhong)(zhong)汲取智慧(hui),又將中(zhong)(zhong)華優秀(xiu)傳(chuan)統文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)與馬(ma)克思(si)(si)主義基本(ben)原理緊密(mi)結(jie)合,走出(chu)社會主義市場經濟條件下從(cong)允許一(yi)部分人先(xian)(xian)(xian)富(fu)起來、先(xian)(xian)(xian)富(fu)帶動后富(fu)到推(tui)動全(quan)(quan)體(ti)(ti)人民(min)(min)(min)(min)共(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)富(fu)裕(yu)(yu)、實(shi)(shi)現(xian)人的(de)(de)(de)(de)全(quan)(quan)面而自(zi)由發展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)現(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)發展(zhan)路徑。中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)式(shi)現(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)以(yi)人民(min)(min)(min)(min)至上為(wei)重要指導(dao)原則,以(yi)全(quan)(quan)體(ti)(ti)人民(min)(min)(min)(min)共(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)富(fu)裕(yu)(yu)為(wei)價(jia)值立場,打(da)破(po)了(le)(le)“現(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)=西方(fang)(fang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)迷思(si)(si),實(shi)(shi)現(xian)了(le)(le)對西方(fang)(fang)現(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)價(jia)值超越,展(zhan)現(xian)了(le)(le)現(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)另一(yi)幅(fu)圖(tu)景,為(wei)廣大發展(zhan)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)家獨立自(zi)主邁向現(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)樹立了(le)(le)典(dian)范、提供(gong)了(le)(le)全(quan)(quan)新(xin)選擇,也為(wei)人類對更好(hao)社會制度的(de)(de)(de)(de)探索提供(gong)了(le)(le)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)方(fang)(fang)案(an),為(wei)創(chuang)(chuang)造(zao)人類文(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)新(xin)形(xing)態(tai)(tai)提供(gong)了(le)(le)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)智慧(hui)。
全面(mian)理解全體人(ren)民共同富(fu)裕的科(ke)學內(nei)涵(han)和精神(shen)實質(zhi)
黨(dang)的(de)(de)(de)二十大擘畫了(le)以中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)式(shi)現(xian)代(dai)化(hua)(hua)全(quan)(quan)面推進強(qiang)國(guo)建設、民(min)族復(fu)興的(de)(de)(de)宏偉藍圖(tu),確(que)立了(le)到(dao)2035年全(quan)(quan)體人(ren)(ren)民(min)共(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)富(fu)(fu)裕取得(de)更為(wei)明顯的(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)質(zhi)(zhi)性進展,到(dao)本世紀中(zhong)(zhong)葉全(quan)(quan)體人(ren)(ren)民(min)共(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)富(fu)(fu)裕基本實(shi)(shi)現(xian)的(de)(de)(de)目(mu)標。新(xin)(xin)時(shi)(shi)代(dai)新(xin)(xin)征程上,“中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)式(shi)現(xian)代(dai)化(hua)(hua)是全(quan)(quan)體人(ren)(ren)民(min)共(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)富(fu)(fu)裕的(de)(de)(de)社(she)會(hui)主義現(xian)代(dai)化(hua)(hua)”中(zhong)(zhong)這(zhe)個(ge)“全(quan)(quan)體”、這(zhe)個(ge)“共(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)”、這(zhe)個(ge)“富(fu)(fu)裕”、這(zhe)個(ge)“社(she)會(hui)主義現(xian)代(dai)化(hua)(hua)”,被賦(fu)予更為(wei)寬廣、更為(wei)豐富(fu)(fu)、更為(wei)包容、更為(wei)具體的(de)(de)(de)思想(xiang)內涵(han),也為(wei)新(xin)(xin)時(shi)(shi)代(dai)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)共(gong)(gong)(gong)產黨(dang)人(ren)(ren)提出了(le)新(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)更高的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求。這(zhe)就要(yao)立足于中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)式(shi)現(xian)代(dai)化(hua)(hua)新(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)代(dai)環境、新(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)發展階(jie)段、新(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)社(she)會(hui)主要(yao)矛(mao)盾、新(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)發展目(mu)標、新(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)使命擔當,完(wan)整(zheng)準確(que)全(quan)(quan)面理(li)解(jie)全(quan)(quan)體人(ren)(ren)民(min)共(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)富(fu)(fu)裕的(de)(de)(de)科(ke)學內涵(han)和精神實(shi)(shi)質(zhi)(zhi),并在新(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)踐中(zhong)(zhong)不斷(duan)開拓、豐富(fu)(fu)和發展。
中國式現(xian)(xian)代化的(de)(de)(de)共(gong)(gong)同(tong)富(fu)(fu)裕是(shi)(shi)全民(min)(min)(min)(min)富(fu)(fu)裕。習近平總書記強(qiang)調(diao),“我(wo)(wo)(wo)們(men)(men)追求的(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)是(shi)(shi)造福(fu)人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)的(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan),我(wo)(wo)(wo)們(men)(men)追求的(de)(de)(de)富(fu)(fu)裕是(shi)(shi)全體(ti)(ti)人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)共(gong)(gong)同(tong)富(fu)(fu)裕”“我(wo)(wo)(wo)們(men)(men)決不(bu)能允(yun)許貧(pin)富(fu)(fu)差(cha)(cha)距越(yue)(yue)來(lai)越(yue)(yue)大(da)、窮者愈(yu)窮富(fu)(fu)者愈(yu)富(fu)(fu),決不(bu)能在(zai)富(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)和(he)窮的(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)間出(chu)(chu)現(xian)(xian)一(yi)(yi)道(dao)不(bu)可(ke)逾(yu)越(yue)(yue)的(de)(de)(de)鴻(hong)溝”。改(gai)革(ge)開(kai)放以(yi)來(lai),我(wo)(wo)(wo)們(men)(men)黨從實際出(chu)(chu)發,允(yun)許一(yi)(yi)部分人(ren)(ren)、一(yi)(yi)部分地(di)區先(xian)富(fu)(fu)起(qi)來(lai),極(ji)大(da)解放和(he)發展(zhan)了生(sheng)產(chan)力(li),人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)生(sheng)活水平總體(ti)(ti)得(de)到(dao)很大(da)提高。同(tong)時也要(yao)看到(dao),我(wo)(wo)(wo)國發展(zhan)不(bu)平衡不(bu)充分問題(ti)仍然突出(chu)(chu),城鄉區域發展(zhan)和(he)收入(ru)分配(pei)差(cha)(cha)距還比較大(da)。按照(zhao)“兩步走”戰略安排,實現(xian)(xian)全體(ti)(ti)人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)共(gong)(gong)同(tong)富(fu)(fu)裕任重(zhong)道(dao)遠,還有(you)相當(dang)一(yi)(yi)段艱苦奮斗(dou)的(de)(de)(de)過程。我(wo)(wo)(wo)們(men)(men)必須把促進全體(ti)(ti)人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)共(gong)(gong)同(tong)富(fu)(fu)裕作為(wei)為(wei)人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)謀幸福(fu)的(de)(de)(de)著(zhu)力(li)點,把逐步實現(xian)(xian)全體(ti)(ti)人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)共(gong)(gong)同(tong)富(fu)(fu)裕擺在(zai)更加重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)位置,采取更加扎實有(you)效的(de)(de)(de)措施一(yi)(yi)步一(yi)(yi)步向(xiang)著(zhu)既(ji)定目標邁進。
中國(guo)式現(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)共同(tong)富裕是全面富裕。黨的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)二十大報告指出(chu):“物(wu)質富足(zu)、精(jing)神(shen)富有(you)是社(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)主(zhu)義(yi)現(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)根本要(yao)求。物(wu)質貧(pin)困(kun)不(bu)(bu)是社(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)主(zhu)義(yi),精(jing)神(shen)貧(pin)乏也不(bu)(bu)是社(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)主(zhu)義(yi)。”我國(guo)社(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)主(zhu)要(yao)矛盾已經(jing)發(fa)(fa)(fa)生深(shen)刻變化(hua),人民(min)對(dui)美好(hao)生活(huo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)期待,不(bu)(bu)僅對(dui)物(wu)質文化(hua)生活(huo)提(ti)出(chu)了(le)更(geng)(geng)高(gao)要(yao)求,對(dui)民(min)主(zhu)、法(fa)治、公平、正(zheng)義(yi)、安全、環境等方(fang)面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求也日益增(zeng)長(chang)、愈發(fa)(fa)(fa)強烈、更(geng)(geng)為迫切。扎實(shi)推動共同(tong)富裕,必須不(bu)(bu)斷厚植現(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)物(wu)質基(ji)礎,不(bu)(bu)斷提(ti)升人民(min)幸福生活(huo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)物(wu)質條件,實(shi)現(xian)(xian)從(cong)“有(you)沒有(you)”到(dao)“好(hao)不(bu)(bu)好(hao)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)質量(liang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)。同(tong)時要(yao)大力發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)社(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)主(zhu)義(yi)先(xian)進文化(hua),強化(hua)社(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)主(zhu)義(yi)核心價值觀引(yin)領,推進法(fa)治中國(guo)建設(she),不(bu)(bu)斷完善公共文化(hua)服務(wu)體系,促進人與自然和諧共生,建設(she)更(geng)(geng)高(gao)水(shui)平的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平安中國(guo),從(cong)而促進物(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)全面豐(feng)富和人的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)全面發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)。
中國(guo)式現代化(hua)的(de)共(gong)同(tong)富(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)裕是共(gong)建(jian)(jian)富(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)裕。人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)群眾是社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)物質(zhi)財富(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)和精(jing)神(shen)財富(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)創(chuang)(chuang)造(zao)(zao)者,社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)發(fa)(fa)展的(de)成(cheng)果理應由(you)人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)群眾共(gong)建(jian)(jian)共(gong)享,共(gong)建(jian)(jian)富(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)裕是中國(guo)式現代化(hua)的(de)主體價值。習近平(ping)總書記指出(chu):“共(gong)建(jian)(jian)才(cai)能共(gong)享,共(gong)建(jian)(jian)的(de)過(guo)程(cheng)也是共(gong)享的(de)過(guo)程(cheng)。要(yao)充分發(fa)(fa)揚(yang)民(min)主,廣泛匯聚民(min)智,最大激發(fa)(fa)民(min)力,形成(cheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)人(ren)(ren)(ren)參與(yu)、人(ren)(ren)(ren)人(ren)(ren)(ren)盡力、人(ren)(ren)(ren)人(ren)(ren)(ren)都有成(cheng)就感(gan)的(de)生(sheng)動(dong)局面。”他(ta)強調:“要(yao)鼓勵勤勞創(chuang)(chuang)新致富(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),堅持(chi)在發(fa)(fa)展中保障和改善民(min)生(sheng)。”中國(guo)式現代化(hua)不(bu)是一(yi)朝(chao)一(yi)夕創(chuang)(chuang)造(zao)(zao)出(chu)來的(de),幸福生(sheng)活(huo)要(yao)靠全(quan)體人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)共(gong)同(tong)奮(fen)斗,共(gong)同(tong)富(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)裕要(yao)靠全(quan)體人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)拼搏創(chuang)(chuang)造(zao)(zao)。要(yao)在全(quan)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)形成(cheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)人(ren)(ren)(ren)共(gong)建(jian)(jian)、個(ge)個(ge)努(nu)力、共(gong)同(tong)奮(fen)斗的(de)良好(hao)氛圍,激發(fa)(fa)人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)群眾的(de)積極性主動(dong)性創(chuang)(chuang)造(zao)(zao)性,特別是要(yao)為人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)提高受(shou)教育程(cheng)度(du)、提升社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)文明程(cheng)度(du)、增強發(fa)(fa)展能力創(chuang)(chuang)造(zao)(zao)更加普惠公平(ping)的(de)條(tiao)件,堅決防止社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)階層(ceng)固化(hua),暢通向(xiang)上(shang)流動(dong)通道,讓每個(ge)人(ren)(ren)(ren)都能獲得(de)發(fa)(fa)展自我(wo)和奉獻(xian)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)的(de)機會(hui)(hui),使共(gong)建(jian)(jian)的(de)過(guo)程(cheng)成(cheng)為邁向(xiang)共(gong)同(tong)富(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)裕的(de)過(guo)程(cheng)。
中(zhong)國(guo)式現代(dai)化(hua)的(de)共(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)(tong)富(fu)(fu)裕(yu)是(shi)漸進(jin)富(fu)(fu)裕(yu)。我國(guo)是(shi)世界上最大的(de)社(she)會主義國(guo)家(jia)和發展中(zhong)國(guo)家(jia),還處于并(bing)將長(chang)期(qi)處于社(she)會主義初級階段,實現全(quan)體人(ren)民共(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)(tong)富(fu)(fu)裕(yu)是(shi)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)在動(dong)態(tai)中(zhong)向(xiang)前(qian)發展的(de)歷史過程(cheng),等不(bu)得也(ye)(ye)急(ji)不(bu)得。習近平(ping)總書記指(zhi)出:“共(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)(tong)富(fu)(fu)裕(yu)是(shi)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)長(chang)遠目(mu)標(biao),需(xu)要一(yi)(yi)個(ge)過程(cheng),不(bu)可(ke)能一(yi)(yi)蹴而就,對(dui)其長(chang)期(qi)性(xing)、艱巨(ju)性(xing)、復雜性(xing)要有(you)(you)充分估計”。我國(guo)各地發展階段、生產力水平(ping)、資源稟賦、社(she)會條(tiao)件存在諸多(duo)差異,不(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)人(ren)群實現富(fu)(fu)裕(yu)的(de)程(cheng)度(du)會有(you)(you)高有(you)(you)低,時間(jian)上會有(you)(you)先有(you)(you)后(hou),推(tui)動(dong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)(tong)富(fu)(fu)裕(yu)的(de)進(jin)程(cheng)不(bu)可(ke)能完全(quan)同(tong)(tong)(tong)步(bu),也(ye)(ye)不(bu)可(ke)能齊頭并(bing)進(jin)。必(bi)須(xu)堅持一(yi)(yi)切(qie)從實際出發,堅持盡(jin)力而為、量力而行,統(tong)籌(chou)兼顧需(xu)要與可(ke)能,既(ji)不(bu)裹足不(bu)前(qian)也(ye)(ye)不(bu)好(hao)高騖遠,既(ji)要防止兩極分化(hua)也(ye)(ye)要反(fan)對(dui)平(ping)均主義,努力把能做的(de)事做起來,積小勝為大勝,不(bu)斷(duan)朝(chao)著全(quan)體人(ren)民共(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)(tong)富(fu)(fu)裕(yu)的(de)目(mu)標(biao)前(qian)進(jin)。
實現(xian)全體人民(min)共同富裕必須正確(que)處(chu)理好幾個重要關(guan)系(xi)
實現全體人(ren)民共同富(fu)裕既是(shi)一(yi)個(ge)長遠(yuan)目標(biao)(biao),也是(shi)推(tui)動高質量發展、更好(hao)滿足人(ren)民美好(hao)生活需(xu)要(yao)的時代(dai)課題(ti)和緊迫(po)任務。正確把握這個(ge)重大理論(lun)和實踐(jian)問題(ti),需(xu)要(yao)堅持(chi)系(xi)統(tong)觀(guan)念,堅持(chi)認(ren)識論(lun)與方(fang)法論(lun)相(xiang)統(tong)一(yi),堅持(chi)目標(biao)(biao)導(dao)向和問題(ti)導(dao)向相(xiang)統(tong)一(yi),正確處理好(hao)幾個(ge)重要(yao)關系(xi)。
發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)與改革(ge)(ge)的(de)(de)(de)關(guan)系。高(gao)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)是(shi)(shi)全(quan)面(mian)(mian)建設(she)社(she)(she)(she)會(hui)主義現(xian)代化(hua)(hua)國家的(de)(de)(de)首要(yao)任(ren)務,是(shi)(shi)新時代的(de)(de)(de)硬道(dao)理。只(zhi)有(you)不(bu)(bu)斷解(jie)放和(he)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)社(she)(she)(she)會(hui)生產力(li)(li),努力(li)(li)做大社(she)(she)(she)會(hui)財(cai)富(fu)“蛋糕”,才能為共同富(fu)裕提供堅實物質(zhi)(zhi)基礎。習近平(ping)總書記強調:“高(gao)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)不(bu)(bu)只(zhi)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)個(ge)經(jing)濟要(yao)求(qiu),而(er)是(shi)(shi)對(dui)(dui)經(jing)濟社(she)(she)(she)會(hui)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)方方面(mian)(mian)面(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)總要(yao)求(qiu);不(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)只(zhi)對(dui)(dui)經(jing)濟發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)達地區(qu)的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu),而(er)是(shi)(shi)所有(you)地區(qu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)都必須(xu)(xu)貫徹的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu);不(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)時一(yi)事的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu),而(er)是(shi)(shi)必須(xu)(xu)長期(qi)堅持的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)。”當(dang)前推動高(gao)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)面(mian)(mian)臨(lin)的(de)(de)(de)突(tu)出問(wen)題是(shi)(shi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)不(bu)(bu)平(ping)衡不(bu)(bu)充分,制約高(gao)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)癥結(jie)還是(shi)(shi)思想觀(guan)念(nian)的(de)(de)(de)束縛、利益(yi)固化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)藩籬、體制機制的(de)(de)(de)障(zhang)礙。必須(xu)(xu)統籌(chou)好(hao)推進高(gao)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)和(he)進一(yi)步全(quan)面(mian)(mian)深化(hua)(hua)改革(ge)(ge),統籌(chou)好(hao)經(jing)濟體制改革(ge)(ge)和(he)其他各方面(mian)(mian)改革(ge)(ge),深入(ru)研究優化(hua)(hua)區(qu)域布局、促(cu)進區(qu)域協調發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)和(he)鞏固拓展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)脫貧(pin)攻(gong)堅成(cheng)果、推進鄉村(cun)全(quan)面(mian)(mian)振興和(he)城(cheng)鄉融合發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)、加(jia)快農業(ye)農村(cun)現(xian)代化(hua)(hua)等方面(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)有(you)效措施,穩步增加(jia)城(cheng)鄉群(qun)眾(zhong)收(shou)入(ru),在高(gao)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)中保障(zhang)和(he)改善民生。
公(gong)平(ping)(ping)與(yu)效率的(de)關系(xi)。當(dang)今(jin)世界一(yi)(yi)(yi)些(xie)國(guo)家貧富分(fen)(fen)化(hua),中產(chan)階層塌陷(xian),導致(zhi)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)撕(si)裂、政治(zhi)極(ji)化(hua)、民粹主義泛濫,教訓十分(fen)(fen)深刻,影響(xiang)十分(fen)(fen)深遠。當(dang)前(qian)和(he)今(jin)后一(yi)(yi)(yi)個時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)是以中國(guo)式現(xian)代化(hua)全面推進(jin)(jin)強國(guo)建(jian)(jian)設、民族復興偉業的(de)關鍵(jian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi),必須更加(jia)(jia)有力有效地維護(hu)和(he)促進(jin)(jin)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)公(gong)平(ping)(ping)正(zheng)義,更好(hao)實現(xian)效率與(yu)公(gong)平(ping)(ping)相(xiang)兼(jian)顧、相(xiang)促進(jin)(jin)、相(xiang)統一(yi)(yi)(yi)。要不斷完善分(fen)(fen)配(pei)(pei)制度,規范收入分(fen)(fen)配(pei)(pei)秩(zhi)序,規范財富積累機制,構(gou)建(jian)(jian)初次分(fen)(fen)配(pei)(pei)、再分(fen)(fen)配(pei)(pei)、第三(san)次分(fen)(fen)配(pei)(pei)協調配(pei)(pei)套(tao)的(de)制度體(ti)(ti)系(xi),加(jia)(jia)大稅收、社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)保障(zhang)、轉移支付的(de)調節(jie)力度,通(tong)過合理的(de)制度安(an)排實現(xian)更加(jia)(jia)公(gong)平(ping)(ping)的(de)財富分(fen)(fen)配(pei)(pei),進(jin)(jin)一(yi)(yi)(yi)步把“蛋糕”切好(hao)分(fen)(fen)好(hao)。同(tong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)要堅決反(fan)對特(te)權思想和(he)特(te)權行為(wei),加(jia)(jia)快建(jian)(jian)立健全以權利(li)公(gong)平(ping)(ping)、機會(hui)(hui)公(gong)平(ping)(ping)、規則公(gong)平(ping)(ping)為(wei)主要內容的(de)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)公(gong)平(ping)(ping)保障(zhang)體(ti)(ti)系(xi),研究推出一(yi)(yi)(yi)批(pi)均衡(heng)性(xing)(xing)可及性(xing)(xing)強的(de)民生政策舉(ju)措,著力解決群眾急難愁盼問題,使中國(guo)特(te)色(se)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)主義的(de)優越性(xing)(xing)得到更好(hao)體(ti)(ti)現(xian)。
政(zheng)府(fu)(fu)與市(shi)場的(de)(de)(de)關系(xi)。實現全(quan)體人民共同富(fu)(fu)裕是最(zui)大的(de)(de)(de)福祉和(he)(he)社(she)(she)(she)會公共產品,具有(you)正向外部性(xing),也(ye)是構建高(gao)水平(ping)社(she)(she)(she)會主義(yi)(yi)市(shi)場經濟(ji)體制(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)應有(you)之義(yi)(yi),必須在促(cu)進(jin)共同富(fu)(fu)裕的(de)(de)(de)進(jin)程中形(xing)成有(you)效(xiao)(xiao)市(shi)場和(he)(he)有(you)為政(zheng)府(fu)(fu)良(liang)性(xing)互動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)格(ge)局。一方面(mian),要(yao)發(fa)揮(hui)市(shi)場在資(zi)源(yuan)配(pei)置中的(de)(de)(de)決(jue)定性(xing)作(zuo)用,通過價(jia)格(ge)機制(zhi)(zhi)、競爭機制(zhi)(zhi)、供求機制(zhi)(zhi)引導各(ge)類生產要(yao)素向高(gao)效(xiao)(xiao)率領域配(pei)置,加快實現資(zi)源(yuan)配(pei)置效(xiao)(xiao)率最(zui)優(you)化和(he)(he)效(xiao)(xiao)益最(zui)大化,為實現共同富(fu)(fu)裕創造(zao)(zao)更多社(she)(she)(she)會財富(fu)(fu)。另一方面(mian),要(yao)更好發(fa)揮(hui)政(zheng)府(fu)(fu)作(zuo)用,堅持和(he)(he)完善社(she)(she)(she)會主義(yi)(yi)基本經濟(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)度,前瞻性(xing)把(ba)握(wo)國際(ji)形(xing)勢(shi)發(fa)展變化對我國的(de)(de)(de)影響,因勢(shi)利導對經濟(ji)布局進(jin)行調整優(you)化,堅定不移擴大高(gao)水平(ping)對外開放,加快構建新(xin)發(fa)展格(ge)局,全(quan)面(mian)推(tui)動(dong)高(gao)質量發(fa)展。特(te)別要(yao)聚焦實現共同富(fu)(fu)裕的(de)(de)(de)薄弱環節和(he)(he)突出短板,著力加強全(quan)社(she)(she)(she)會公共服務(wu)體系(xi)支撐,全(quan)面(mian)營造(zao)(zao)鼓勵勤勞創新(xin)致富(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)(de)濃(nong)厚社(she)(she)(she)會氛圍和(he)(he)社(she)(she)(she)會條件。
借(jie)(jie)鑒與創新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)關(guan)(guan)系。在中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)式(shi)現(xian)(xian)代化(hua)進程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)實現(xian)(xian)全(quan)(quan)體(ti)人民共同富(fu)裕,是一項開創性事業(ye)。要充分發(fa)揮(hui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)特色社會主義的(de)(de)(de)政治優勢(shi)和(he)制度優勢(shi),彰顯中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)優秀傳(chuan)統(tong)文(wen)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)歷(li)史智慧(hui),積極借(jie)(jie)鑒吸收世界(jie)各(ge)國(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)有益經驗(yan)和(he)文(wen)明成果,繼續探索和(he)創新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)具有中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)特色的(de)(de)(de)全(quan)(quan)體(ti)人民共同富(fu)裕的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)式(shi)現(xian)(xian)代化(hua)道(dao)路,為(wei)(wei)創造人類文(wen)明新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)形態作(zuo)出中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)貢(gong)獻(xian)。這里很(hen)重要的(de)(de)(de)是,必(bi)須把因(yin)地制宜發(fa)展新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)質生產(chan)力(li)擺在更(geng)加突(tu)出的(de)(de)(de)戰略位置,以(yi)(yi)科技(ji)(ji)創新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)為(wei)(wei)引領、以(yi)(yi)實體(ti)經濟為(wei)(wei)根基,堅持全(quan)(quan)面推進傳(chuan)統(tong)產(chan)業(ye)轉型升(sheng)級、積極發(fa)展新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)興(xing)產(chan)業(ye)、超前(qian)布局未來產(chan)業(ye)并舉,加快建(jian)設現(xian)(xian)代化(hua)產(chan)業(ye)體(ti)系。要完善國(guo)(guo)(guo)家創新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)體(ti)系,激發(fa)各(ge)類創新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)主體(ti)活(huo)力(li),瞄準世界(jie)科技(ji)(ji)前(qian)沿(yan),在加強基礎研(yan)究、提高(gao)原始創新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)能(neng)力(li)上持續用力(li),在突(tu)破(po)關(guan)(guan)鍵(jian)核(he)心技(ji)(ji)術(shu)、前(qian)沿(yan)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)上抓緊攻(gong)關(guan)(guan),不斷在發(fa)展新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)質生產(chan)力(li)方面取得(de)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)進展。
【何(he)毅亭 作者系中國(guo)(guo)改(gai)革開(kai)放論壇理事長、中共中央黨校(國(guo)(guo)家(jia)行政學(xue)院(yuan))原分管日常工作的副校(院(yuan))長】
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