推(tui)(tui)進(jin)中國(guo)(guo)式現代化，最艱(jian)巨最繁重的任務在農(nong)村(cun)，最廣泛最深厚的基礎(chu)也在農(nong)村(cun)。“十(shi)四五”以(yi)來(lai)，各地(di)區(qu)各部門錨定建(jian)設農(nong)業強國(guo)(guo)目(mu)標，扎實(shi)有力推(tui)(tui)進(jin)鄉(xiang)村(cun)全面振(zhen)興重點工(gong)作，保持了農(nong)業農(nong)村(cun)發展(zhan)(zhan)穩中有進(jin)、穩中向好的良(liang)好勢頭，為經(jing)濟社會高質量發展(zhan)(zhan)提供了有力支撐。

　　筑牢糧(liang)食(shi)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)根基(ji)。我國是(shi)人口(kou)大(da)國，吃(chi)飯問(wen)題始(shi)終是(shi)重中之(zhi)重的大(da)事要事。各(ge)地(di)各(ge)部門要始(shi)終繃緊糧(liang)食(shi)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)之(zhi)弦，筑牢糧(liang)食(shi)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)根基(ji)。“十四五”期間，各(ge)地(di)認(ren)真實(shi)施(shi)國家糧(liang)食(shi)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)戰略，堅持產(chan)(chan)量產(chan)(chan)能、生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)態(tai)、增產(chan)(chan)增收一(yi)起(qi)抓，強化(hua)藏糧(liang)于地(di)、藏糧(liang)于技(ji)，全(quan)(quan)(quan)方位(wei)夯(hang)實(shi)糧(liang)食(shi)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)根基(ji)。從提(ti)(ti)單產(chan)(chan)，到(dao)優(you)結(jie)構，從多(duo)(duo)元化(hua)，到(dao)提(ti)(ti)質(zhi)量，我國糧(liang)食(shi)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)邁出(chu)了堅實(shi)步伐(fa)。啟動(dong)實(shi)施(shi)糧(liang)油(you)作(zuo)物(wu)大(da)面積單產(chan)(chan)提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)行(xing)動(dong)，推(tui)動(dong)良田良種(zhong)良機良法(fa)“四良”深度融合，集(ji)成推(tui)廣合理密植、精量播種(zhong)、一(yi)噴多(duo)(duo)促、水(shui)肥一(yi)體化(hua)等(deng)增產(chan)(chan)技(ji)術模(mo)式。2024年，大(da)豆(dou)產(chan)(chan)量達(da)2065萬噸，自給(gei)率(lv)比2020年提(ti)(ti)高4個百(bai)分點(dian)；油(you)料作(zuo)物(wu)產(chan)(chan)量3978.7萬噸，食(shi)用(yong)植物(wu)油(you)自給(gei)率(lv)提(ti)(ti)高近5個百(bai)分點(dian)。棉油(you)糖產(chan)(chan)能持續提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)，果菜茶、肉蛋奶(nai)和(he)水(shui)產(chan)(chan)品供給(gei)充足，種(zhong)類(lei)多(duo)(duo)樣。深入推(tui)進農業品種(zhong)培優(you)、品質(zhi)提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)、品牌打造和(he)標準化(hua)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)，以最嚴格的標準抓好(hao)農產(chan)(chan)品質(zhi)量安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)監管。

　　強化政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)體(ti)系支(zhi)撐。保(bao)障糧(liang)食安全(quan)(quan)生產(chan)，推進(jin)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)現代化，從根本(ben)上講要(yao)促進(jin)農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)增收(shou)致(zhi)富(fu)(fu)，要(yao)讓農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)的日子越(yue)(yue)過越(yue)(yue)好，這就需要(yao)通過各方面的涉(she)農(nong)(nong)(nong)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)，助力農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)增收(shou)致(zhi)富(fu)(fu)。“十四五(wu)”時期(qi)，一(yi)系列強農(nong)(nong)(nong)惠農(nong)(nong)(nong)富(fu)(fu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)出臺，支(zhi)持(chi)力度(du)越(yue)(yue)來越(yue)(yue)大，制度(du)體(ti)系更加(jia)成(cheng)熟完(wan)(wan)備。從各類涉(she)農(nong)(nong)(nong)補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)(tie)，到(dao)糧(liang)食最低收(shou)購價，從各類涉(she)農(nong)(nong)(nong)保(bao)險政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)，到(dao)提升(sheng)“三(san)農(nong)(nong)(nong)”基礎設施(shi)，再(zai)到(dao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)改革(ge)等，需要(yao)各地(di)持(chi)續(xu)完(wan)(wan)善(shan)各方面的政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)體(ti)系，為推動農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)增收(shou)致(zhi)富(fu)(fu)注入政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)活水。穩(wen)住(zhu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)種(zhong)糧(liang)的基本(ben)收(shou)益(yi)，健全(quan)(quan)補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)(tie)、價格、保(bao)險“三(san)位一(yi)體(ti)”支(zhi)持(chi)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)體(ti)系，穩(wen)定實(shi)施(shi)耕地(di)地(di)力保(bao)護(hu)補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)(tie)、稻(dao)谷補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)(tie)、玉米大豆生產(chan)者補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)(tie)，三(san)大糧(liang)食作物完(wan)(wan)全(quan)(quan)成(cheng)本(ben)保(bao)險和(he)種(zhong)植收(shou)入保(bao)險政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)全(quan)(quan)面實(shi)施(shi)。“十四五(wu)”以來，農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)改革(ge)進(jin)一(yi)步深化，第二輪(lun)土地(di)承包到(dao)期(qi)后(hou)再(zai)延長30年(nian)試點扎實(shi)開展，農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)宅(zhai)基地(di)規范(fan)管理、集(ji)(ji)體(ti)建設用(yong)地(di)和(he)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)集(ji)(ji)體(ti)產(chan)權(quan)制度(du)改革(ge)穩(wen)步推進(jin)。

　　加大(da)幫(bang)(bang)扶(fu)支(zhi)持力(li)度(du)(du)。推進農(nong)業農(nong)村(cun)現代化，要牢牢守住不(bu)發(fa)生(sheng)規(gui)模性返(fan)貧(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)這條(tiao)底線。各地各部(bu)(bu)門持續(xu)加大(da)政策(ce)(ce)支(zhi)持和幫(bang)(bang)扶(fu)力(li)度(du)(du)，脫貧(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)群眾的生(sheng)活水平進一步(bu)提高，脫貧(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)地區的經濟活力(li)和后(hou)勁進一步(bu)增強(qiang)，脫貧(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)攻堅成果切實(shi)得到了(le)鞏固和拓展(zhan)。幫(bang)(bang)扶(fu)政策(ce)(ce)“工具箱(xiang)”不(bu)斷豐富。完(wan)善產業獎(jiang)補、就業扶(fu)持、醫保補貼(tie)等措施，做到早(zao)發(fa)現、早(zao)干預、早(zao)幫(bang)(bang)扶(fu)。目(mu)前(qian)，已累(lei)(lei)計識別幫(bang)(bang)扶(fu)600多(duo)萬(wan)監測對(dui)象穩定消除(chu)返(fan)貧(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)致(zhi)貧(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)風險。過渡期內，聚(ju)焦160個國(guo)家(jia)鄉(xiang)村(cun)振興重(zhong)點幫(bang)(bang)扶(fu)縣，以(yi)及3.5萬(wan)個易地搬遷集中(zhong)安(an)置區等重(zhong)點區域，加強(qiang)傾斜支(zhi)持。“十(shi)四五”以(yi)來，中(zhong)央財(cai)政累(lei)(lei)計投入(ru)銜接推進鄉(xiang)村(cun)振興補助資金(jin)8505億元，助力(li)脫貧(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)地區的交通、水利、教(jiao)育、衛生(sheng)等基礎設(she)施和公共服務水平進一步(bu)提升，發(fa)展(zhan)后(hou)勁持續(xu)增強(qiang)。按照黨(dang)中(zhong)央決策(ce)(ce)部(bu)(bu)署，各地要持續(xu)抓好常態化幫(bang)(bang)扶(fu)，堅持開(kai)發(fa)式幫(bang)(bang)扶(fu)與兜底保障相結合，長久、永久守住不(bu)發(fa)生(sheng)規(gui)模性返(fan)貧(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)致(zhi)貧(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)的底線。（李萍）